Fig. 8.
Carnitine biosynthesis. (A) L-carnitine 59 biosynthesis involves two αKG-NHFes: TMLH and BBOX.142 (B) The biocatalytic versatility of TMLH-mediated hydroxylation on trimethyl-Lys analogues.143 (C) BBOX also oxidizes THP 68 as the substrate through a Stevens-type rearrangement reaction.144 (D) Structure of BBOX in complex with zinc (orange sphere), N-oxalylglycine (NOG, green sticks) andγBB substrate (magenta sticks) showing a distal-type αKG binding mode. (E) The studies of PsBBOX show that the positively charged trimethylammonium group on the substrate is crucial for recognition.145