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. 2018 Jul 23;115(32):E7541–E7549. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1808754115

Table 1.

Effects of wolf spider density and warming treatments on community structure

Response Fixed effects terms Estimate SE df t P
Collembola Intercept 0.243 0.029 77 8.225 0.000
Soil moisture −0.001 0.001 77 −1.887 0.063
Control SD −0.050 0.033 77 −1.520 0.133
High SD −0.048 0.033 77 −1.454 0.150
Warming −0.064 0.033 77 −1.930 0.057
Poduromorpha 0.006 0.023 77 0.249 0.804
Symphypleona −0.155 0.023 77 −6.832 0.000
Control SD × warming 0.085 0.046 77 1.843 0.069
High SD × warming 0.098 0.046 77 2.132 0.036
Oribatid mites Intercept 0.982 0.202 19 4.863 0.000
Soil moisture −0.008 0.004 19 −1.936 0.068
Control SD 0.107 0.251 19 0.425 0.675
High SD −0.203 0.253 19 −0.802 0.433
Warming −0.186 0.252 19 −0.739 0.469
Control SD × warming 0.180 0.355 19 0.509 0.617
High SD × warming 0.286 0.353 19 0.810 0.428
Predatory mites Intercept 0.134 0.044 19 3.036 0.007
Soil moisture 0.001 0.001 19 1.118 0.278
Control SD −0.095 0.055 19 −1.730 0.100
High SD −0.051 0.055 19 −0.924 0.367
Warming −0.069 0.055 19 −1.253 0.226
Control SD × warming 0.093 0.077 19 1.202 0.244
High SD × warming 0.106 0.077 19 1.380 0.184
Intermediate predators Intercept 0.005 0.002 19 2.786 0.012
(soil-dwelling) Soil moisture 0.000 0.000 19 −0.505 0.620
Control SD 0.000 0.002 19 0.035 0.972
High SD 0.001 0.002 19 0.247 0.808
Warming −0.001 0.002 19 −0.343 0.735
Control SD × warming −0.002 0.003 19 −0.677 0.506
High SD × warming 0.001 0.003 19 0.409 0.687
Intermediate predators Intercept 0.026 0.008 19 3.384 0.003
(surface-active) Soil moisture 0.000 0.000 19 −2.003 0.060
Control SD 0.017 0.009 19 1.806 0.087
High SD −0.006 0.010 19 −0.627 0.538
Warming 0.004 0.010 19 0.465 0.647
Control SD × warming −0.028 0.013 19 −2.113 0.048
High SD × warming −0.009 0.013 19 −0.641 0.529
Fungal biomass Intercept 1.668 1.881 16 0.886 0.389
Soil moisture 0.121 0.047 16 2.563 0.021
Control SD −0.513 2.210 16 −0.232 0.819
High SD 0.673 2.228 16 0.302 0.767
Warming 0.677 2.187 16 0.309 0.761
Control SD × warming −2.266 3.051 16 −0.743 0.468
High SD × warming −4.330 3.160 16 −1.370 0.190
Bacterial biomass Intercept −0.009 0.017 18 −0.495 0.626
Soil moisture 0.001 0.000 18 1.838 0.083
Control SD −0.008 0.021 18 −0.379 0.709
High SD −0.002 0.022 18 −0.091 0.929
Warming −0.009 0.021 18 −0.416 0.683
Control SD × warming 0.009 0.030 18 0.295 0.772
High SD × warming 0.058 0.030 18 1.924 0.070

Mixed effects model results of community response variables, as predicted by wolf spider density (SD; reference category: low SD), warming (reference category: ambient temperature), and average soil moisture. All community response variables were measured in the field during the second summer of experimental treatment. Collembola, oribatid mites, predatory mites, and soil-dwelling intermediate predators were extracted from the upper organic soil layer; densities (individuals per cubic centimeter of soil) are expressed as the average from the June and July sampling periods. Surface-active intermediate predator abundance is the average total abundance from several bouts of live pitfall trapping. Fungal and bacterial biomass (mg per gram of soil) were sampled from the upper organic soil layer. Model results with the reference category for the wolf SD treatment as the control SD are shown in SI Appendix, Table S5.