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. 2018 Aug 15;16:229. doi: 10.1186/s12967-018-1598-0

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 4 — Western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR results of collagen I (COL1A1) and collagen III (COL3A1) expression in the atrial myocardium of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF, n = 28) and sinus rhythm (SR, n = 36). a Western blotting results of AF patients and SR patients (representative samples). b Relative optical density of western blotting results in the AF and SR groups. Relative optical density of Collagen I in AF group was significantly higher than SR group. c Quantitative real-time PCR results from the AF and SR groups. Collagen I mRNA expression of AF group was significantly higher than SR group. *P < 0.001