Table 5.
Associations between ASD and socio-demographic and perinatal risk factors in the final sample of ASD cases and POP controls and the total invited sample of likely cases and controls
| Final complete sample ASD versus POP |
Total invited sample Likely ASD versus Likely POP |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted ORa (95% CI) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted ORa (95% CI) | |
| Child sex female | 0.2 (0.1–0.4) | 0.2 (0.1–0.4) | 0.3 (0.2–0.4) | 0.3 (0.2–0.4) |
| Maternal age > 35 years | 1.2 (0.7–2.0) | 1.3 (0.7–2.4) | 1.7 (1.3–2.2) | 1.7 (1.3–2.2) |
| Previous live births ≥ 1 | 0.8 (0.5–1.3) | 0.8 (0.5–1.3) | 0.8 (0.6–1.0) | 0.8 (0.6–1.0) |
| Maternal education > 12 years | 1.0 (0.6–1.6) | 1.0 (0.6–1.8) | 1.7 (1.3–2.0) | 1.7 (1.3–2.1) |
| Maternal race/ethnicity NOT non-Hispanic white |
1.3 (0.8–2.0) | 1.5 (0.8–2.5) | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 1.1 (0.8–1.3) |
| Maternal marital status NOT married | 0.8 (0.5–1.4) | 0.8 (0.4–1.3) | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 0.9 (0.8–1.2) |
| Preterm delivery (< 37 weeks’ gestation) | 1.6 (0.8–3.2) | 1.8 (0.8–3.9) | 1.7 (1.3–2.3) | 1.9 (1.4–2.5) |
| Cesarean delivery (primary or repeat) | 1.3 (0.7–2.6) | 1.1 (0.5–2.4) | 1.3 (1.0–1.8) | 1.3 (0.9–1.7) |
| Induction/stimulation of labor | 1.4 (0.7–2.7) | 1.4 (0.6–3.2) | 1.0 (0.7–1.3) | 0.9 (0.6–1.2) |
Data in italics indicate the confidence interval for the effect estimate does not include 1.0
aFor each factor, ORs were adjusted for the following factors if they were relevant as potential confounders (i.e. not the risk factor of interest): child sex, maternal age, previous live birth, maternal education, maternal race/ethnicity, and maternal marital status