Table 1.
Characteristics of the included studies.
| Study | Indication | Diagnosis Standard | NYHA | Sample Size (E/C) | Age (Year) | Male/Female (E/C) | Course of disease (Year) | Intervention | Duration (day) | Endpoints |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Experimental Group | ||||||||||
| Shi H. R. et al., 2015 | CHD | 2014 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Heart Failure in China | NA | 58/58 | E:56.20 ± 8.74 C:55.6 ± 9.18 |
E:28/30 C:29/29 |
NA | XMLI 5 mg/kg bid+ Control | 5 | BNP, LVEF, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, UA, blood glucose, hsCRP, VEGF |
| Lu et al., 2015 | CHF | 2007 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure in China | NA | 36/36 | E:61.2 ± 5.9 C:62.3 ± 5.5 |
E:23/13 C:24/12 |
NA | XMLI 5 mg/kg bid+ Control | 5 | the total effective rate, BNP, LVEF, 6-WMD, adverse effect |
| Guo and Ren, 2016 | CHF | 2007 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure in China | II IV | 52/52 | E:69 ±8 C:68 ± 5 |
E:27/25 C:28/24 |
E:8.3 ± 6.0 C:8.3 ± 6.1 |
XMLI 6 mL bid+ Control | 10 | the total effective rate, BNP, LVEF, LVEDD, 6-WMD, adverse effect |
| Han and Guo, 2016 | CHF | American College of Cardiology/ American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guidelines 2009 | NA | 147/136 | E:79 ± 11 C:77 ± 12 |
E:109/27 C:122/25 |
NA | XMLI 4 mL bid+ Control | 14 | the total effective rate, BNP, LVEF |
| Peng et al., 2014 | CHF | Treatment of chronic systolic heart failure 2002 | II IV | 56/56 | E:71.1 ± 2.8 C:70.2 ± 2.6 |
E:32/24 C:30/26 |
NA | XMLI 4 mL bid+ Control | 14 | LVEF, LVEDD, 6-WMD, CO, SV, LVS, LVESV, LVEDV, HR, life quality score, adverse effect |
| Yang et al., 2014 | CHF | 2007 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure in China | II III | 49/43 | E:77.5± 6.2 C:75.2 ± 5.5 |
E:33/16 C:31/12 |
NA | XMLI 6 mL bid+ Control | 7 | 6-WMD, NT-proBNP, CTnI |
| Yang et al., 2012 | CHF | American College of Cardiology/ American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guidelines 2009 | III IV | 57/53 | E:79± 10 C:78 ± 11 |
E:46/11 C:44/9 |
NA | XMLI 4 mL bid+ Control | 14 | the total effective rate, BNP, LVEF |
| Xue et al., 2015 | CHF | American College of Cardiology/ American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guidelines 2009 | II III | 118/120 | E:63.1± 9.80 C:63.9 ± 9.01 |
E:69/46 C:60/60 |
E:754 days C:865 days |
XMLI 5 mg/kg bid+ Control | 5 | the total effective rate, LVEF, 6-WMD, adverse effect, the total effective rate of Chinese medical syndrome efficacy, scores for Chinese medical symptoms |
| Wu, 2015 | CHF | 2007 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure in China | NA | 25/25 | E:65± 4.5 C:66 ± 5.5 |
E:15/10 C:13/12 |
NA | XMLI 5 mg/kg bid+ Control | 5 | the total effective rate, NT-proBNP, adverse effect |
| Zhao et al., 2010 | CHF | 2007 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure in China | III IV | 59/58 | E:63-82 C:60-83 |
E:26/33 C:30/28 |
NA | XMLI 5 mg/kg bid+ Control | 10 | the total effective rate, NT-proBNP, LVEF, metabolic equivalent of energy, adverse effect |
| Li and Li, 2015 | CHF | American College of Cardiology/ American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guidelines 2009 | II IV | 35/30 | E:62± 10 C:58 ± 8 |
E:20/15 C:18/12 |
NA | XMLI 8 mL qd+ Control | 15 | the total effective rate, LVEF, LVEDD |
| Xu and Xu, 2016 | CHF | 2014 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Heart Failure in China | NA | 76/76 | NA | E:50/26 C:48/28 |
NA | XMLI 5 mg/kg bid+ Control | 14 | the total effective rate, LVEF, LVEDD, 6-WMD, LVESD |
| Zhao et al., 2010 | CHF | 2007 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure in China | IV | 131/112 | NA | 152/91 | NA | XMLI 5-10mg/kg bid+ Control | 14 | BNP, LVEF, central venous pressure, adverse effect |
| Yang M. et al., 2015 | CHF | Treatment of chronic systolic heart failure 2002 | III IV | 132/128 | E:34-78 C:37-84 |
E:88/40 C:94/38 |
NA | XMLI 6 mL bid+ Control | 7-14 | the total effective rate, LVEF, NT-proBNP, LVEDD, 6-WMD, adverse effect |
| Yuan et al., 2015 | CHF | Internal Medicine 2008 | I IV | 54/34 | E:51.5± 5.6 C:52.3 ± 6.0 |
E:30/24 C:19/15 |
E:2.5 ± 2.3 C:2.8 ± 3.1 |
XMLI 5 mg/kg bid+ Control | 5 | the total effective rate, NT-proBNP, 6-WMD, adverse effect |
| Lu et al., 2013 | DCM | Diagnosis and treatment of cardiomyopathy 2007 | II IV | 53/51 | E:63.1 ± 7.9 C:62.9 ± 7.6 |
E:31/22 C:28/23 |
E:2.5 ± 0.8 C:2.6 ± 0.9 |
XMLI 8 mL bid+ Control | 15 | the total effective rate, LVEF, adverse effect |
| Li et al., 2016 | CHF | 2007 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure in China | II IV | 100/98 | E:67.34 C:68.12 |
E:62/38 C:58/40 |
NA | XMLI 5 mg/kg bid+ Control | 10 | the total effective rate, NT-proBNP, LVEF, LVEDD, adverse effect |
| Huang et al., 2013 | CHF | 2007 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure in China | III IV | 71/46 | E:90 ± 4.6 C:89 ± 5.1 |
E:54/17 C:34/12 |
E:14 ± 6.8 C:15 ± 5.3 |
XMLI 8 mL qd+ Control | 14 | the total effective rate, NT-proBNP, LVEF, adverse effect |
| Shen et al., 2017 | CHD | 2007 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of chronic stable angina pectoris in China, 2014 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Heart Failure in China | III IV | 58/58 | E:62.8 ± 7.1 C:61.6 ± 7.8 |
E:34/24 C:36/22 |
E:8.3 ± 7.5 C:8.1 ± 7.8 |
XMLI 4 mL bid+ Control | 14 | NT-proBNP, LVEF, LVEDD, 6-WMD |
| Fan et al., 2017 | CHF | 2007 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure in China | III IV | 44/34 | E:64.2 ± 7.6 C:63.8 ± 6.8 |
E:28/16 C:20/14 |
T:4.5 ± 6.8 C:4.2 ± 6.3 |
XMLI 5 mg/kg bid+ Control | 14 | NT-proBNP, LVEF, APN |
| Ye et al., 2017 | CHF | 2014 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Heart Failure in China, 2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure | II III | 63/63 | E:71.31 ± 11.36 C:74.01 ± 13.22 |
E:39/24 C:43/20 |
T:9.31 ± 3.25 C:10.51 ± 4.13 |
XMLI 5 mg/kg bid+ Control | 14 | NT-proBNP, LVEF, adverse effect, TNF-α, IL-6, VEGF, scores of symptoms and signs for hear failure, adverse effect |
| Yu et al., 2017 | CHF | 2014 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Heart Failure in China | NA | 70/70 | E:70 ± 9 C:68 ± 10 |
E:38/22 C:43/27 |
NA | XMLI 5 mg/kg bid+ Control | 5 | the total effective rate, BNP, LVEF, adverse effect |
| Qu et al., 2017 | CHF | American College of Cardiology/ American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guidelines 2009 | III IV | 114/106 | E:69 ± 10 C:68 ± 11 |
E:92/22 C:88/18 |
NA | XMLI 5-10 mg/kg bid+ Control | 14 | the total effective rate, BNP, LVEF, 6-WMD, adverse effect |
| Si, 2017 | CHF | 2007 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure in China | NA | 51/51 | E:75.63 ± 8.18 C:74.84 ± 9.76 |
E:25/26 C:23/28 |
NA | XMLI 5 mg/kg bid+ Control | 14 | the total effective rate, BNP, LVEF, adverse effect |
| Wang, 2017 | CHF | 2007 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure in China | II III | 21/21 | E:71.38 ± 9.23 C:71.81 ± 9.92 |
E:13/8 C:12/9 |
E:5.19 ± 1.28 C:5.67 ± 1.8 |
XMLI 5 mg/kg bid+ Control | 5 | NT-proBNP, LVEF, adverse effect, NYHA classification |
| Quan and Miu, 2017 | CHF | 2014 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Heart Failure in China, American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guidelines 2009 | II IV | 51/51 | E:67.6 ± 10.5 C:65.8 ± 11.4 |
E:35/16 C:38/13 |
E:37.8 ± 7.5 C:39.6 ± 8.6 |
XMLI 5 mg/kg bid+ Control | 10 | the total effective rate, NT-proBNP, LVEF, 6-WMD, adverse effect |
Notes: all control groups of the included trials were given conventional therapy. NYHA, New York Heart Association; E, experimental group; C, control group; CHD, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease; CHF, chronic heart failure; NA, not applicable; DCM, dilated cardiomyopathy; XMLI, Xinmailong injection; BNP, Brain natriuretic peptide; LVEF, Left ventricular ejection fraction; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triacylglycerol; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterin; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterin; UA, Uric acid; hs-CRP, High-sensitivity C-reactive protein; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth; 6-MWD: 6-min walking distance; LVEDD, Left ventricular end-diastolic dimension; LVESD, Left ventricular end systolic diameter; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; HR, Heart failure; CO, Cardiac output; SV, Stroke output; LVS, Left ventricular end-systolic dimension; LVESV, Left ventricular end-systolic volume; LVEDV, Left ventricular end-diastolic volume; APN, adiponectin; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor α; IL-6: Interleukin-6.