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Smad-dependent TGF-β1 signaling pathways measured using Western blot. (A) NRK49F cells were treated with 5-ng/mL TGF-β1 and (or) 40-µM DIM for 2 h, and then Western blot was performed to detect Smad-dependent-related proteins. (B and C) Semi-quantitative analysis of the relative expression of different proteins after DIM treatment. +p < .05 vs. the control group and *p < .05 vs. the 5-ng/mL TGF-β1-treated group.
