Table 1.
Comparisons of CAT and Short Form Psychometric Properties Across a Community and Follow-up Sample
| Nicotine Dependence (eight-item) | Nicotine Dependence (four-item) | Coping Expectancies | Positive Emotional and Sensory Expectancies | Health Expectancies | Psychosocial Expectancies | Social Motivations for Smoking | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study 1: CAT vs. SF validity | |||||||
| Bank length/SF length | 32/8 | 32/4 | 21/4 | 18/6 | 24/6 | 21/6 | 15/4 |
| CAT mean (SD) | 47.2 (10.9) | 47.2 (10.9) | 49.9 (10.1) | 50.1 (9.7) | 48.9 (9.8) | 46.8 (10.1) | 50.0 (9.7) |
| SF mean (SD) | 47.3 (10.9) | 48.2 (10.2) | 47.5 (9.9) | 50.1 (9.2) | 48.1 (8.8) | 46.1 (9.1) | 50.9 (9.1) |
| t-value (df) | 0.5 (485) | 3.9 (485)* | −10.5 (486)* | 0.3 (480) | −4.2 (480)* | −3.9 (480)* | 5.2 (488)* |
| Effect size | −0.01 | −0.09 | 0.24 | 0.00 | 0.08 | 0.07 | −0.10 |
| CAT and SF correlation | 0.90 | 0.86 | 0.87 | 0.92 | 0.92 | 0.92 | 0.91 |
| Study 1: CAT vs. SF reliability | |||||||
| CAT marginal reliability | 0.92a | 0.92a | 0.93 | 0.91 | 0.92 | 0.91 | 0.89 |
| SF marginal reliability | 0.88 | 0.76 | 0.85 | 0.86 | 0.88 | 0.84 | 0.80 |
| Mean CAT length (SF length) | 5.4 (8) | 5.4 (4) | 5.2 (4) | 7.5 (6) | 5.8 (6) | 7.6 (6) | 10.3 (4) |
| Proportion of SF items administered as CAT | 0.10 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.48 | 0.43 | 0.46 | 0.88 |
| Study 2: SF mode and reliability | |||||||
| Test-retest: PP | 0.87 | 0.82 | 0.85 | 0.79 | 0.80 | 0.81 | 0.81 |
| Test-retest: Web | 0.88 | 0.85 | 0.83 | 0.84 | 0.89 | 0.85 | 0.82 |
| Cronbach’s alpha: PP | 0.92 | 0.84 | 0.89 | 0.87 | 0.84 | 0.83 | 0.90 |
| Cronbach’s alpha: Web | 0.91 | 0.85 | 0.83 | 0.88 | 0.89 | 0.86 | 0.90 |
CAT = computer adaptive test; df = degrees of freedom; SF = short form; PP = paper and pencil administration; Web = internet-based administration.
aCAT marginal reliability for Nicotine Dependence is identical in both comparisons.
*Indicates values statistically significant at P < .01.