Table 1. . The seventh edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer/Tumor Node Metastasis staging system for intrahepatic bile duct tumors.
Primary tumor (T) | |||
TX | Primary tumor cannot be assessed | ||
T0 | No evidence of primary tumor | ||
Tis | Carcinoma in situ (intraductal tumor) | ||
T1 | Solitary tumor without vascular invasion | ||
T2a | Solitary tumor with vascular invasion | ||
T2b | Multiple tumors, with or without vascular invasion | ||
T3 | Tumor perforating the visceral peritoneum or involving the local extra hepatic structures by direct invasion T4 tumor with periductal invasion | ||
Regional lymph nodes (N) | |||
NX | Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed N0 No regional lymph node metastasis | ||
N1 | Regional lymph node metastasis present | ||
Distant metastasis (M) | |||
M0 | No distant metastasis | ||
M1 | Distant metastasis present | ||
Anatomic stage groupings | |||
Stage 0 | Tis | N0 | M0 |
Stage I | T1 | N0 | M0 |
Stage II | T2 | N0 | M0 |
Stage III | T3 | N0 | M0 |
Stage IVA | T4 | N0 | M0 |
Any T | N1 | M0 | |
Stage IVB | Any T | Any N | M1 |
Adapted with permission of Springer © Society of Surgical Oncology (2008) [26].