Table 6.
Effects and carryover effects of dietary treatment provided to rearing gilts (134 d), on the prevalence of lameness over different productive phases and on claw lesions evaluated in the lactation phase
| Treatment1 | P-value | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CON | MIN | MET | MM | ||||||
| Gilts, n2 | 64 | 61 | 62 | 63 | |||||
| Lameness, % | SE | SE | SE | SE | |||||
| During rearing2 | 14.8a | 57.08 | 2.02b | 68.35 | 5.31b | 63.24 | 6.45b | 62.55 | 0.006 |
| Early gestation3 | 10.9 | 59.68 | 10.1 | 62.83 | 11.3 | 62.69 | 10.9 | 62.69 | 0.994 |
| Late gestation4 | 11.8 | 60.94 | 6.8 | 51.46 | 7.63 | 63.50 | 7.56 | 65.16 | 0.530 |
| Lactation5 | 20.8a | 58.16 | 6.50b | 63.10 | 11.1b | 60.94 | 7.60b | 62.41 | 0.010 |
| Claw lesion6, % | 48.4 | 54.08 | 39.3 | 55.20 | 40.8 | 55.01 | 39.7 | 55.12 | 0.357 |
| Grouped hoof lesions6, % | 20.4a | 58.33 | 15.7a | 60.16 | 8.28b | 61.54 | 14.9a | 60.16 | 0.025 |
| Severe hoof lesions, % | 54.4 | 62.02 | 19.6 | 66.16 | 60.9 | 67.71 | 27.3 | 64.64 | 0.089 |
| Claw lesions7, n | Total | ||||||||
| HeelG (severe) | 10(5) | 10(4) | 9(3) | 10(5) | 39(17) | ||||
| WCV (severe) | 6(4) | 12(7) | 3(2) | 8(5) | 29(18) | ||||
| Asym (severe) | 10(6) | 8(4) | 7(3) | 3(1) | 28 | ||||
| DewB severe | 5 | – | 4 | 1 | 10 | ||||
| WCH severe | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 9 | ||||
| WL moderate | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 9 | ||||
| HoofL (severe) | 6(4) | 2(1) | – | – | 8(5) | ||||
| HeelF severe | – | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | ||||
| Total lesions | 42 | 37 | 27 | 30 | 136 | ||||
a,bValues within a row with different superscripts differ significantly at P < 0.05.
1Treatment = CON, control; MIN, which provided the diet with 10, 20, and 50 mg/kg of organic Cu, Mn, and Zn, respectively (Aplomotec Plus, Tecnología & Vitaminas, S.L., Alforja, Spain) (0.1 %); MET, added Met (102% Met: Lys); or MM, combination of MIN and MET.
2During the rearing phase, lameness was evaluated for 90 gilts per dietary treatment; for other measurements, it is indicated in the table.
3Lameness evaluated at service and at 28 d of gestation.
4Lameness evaluated at 109 d of gestation.
5Lameness evaluated at weaning.
6Gilts with at least 1 of 7 claw lesions evaluated (Figure 1); grouped hoof lesion = gilts with at least one dewclaw, or white line, or wall crack lesion.
7As described in Figure 1; HoofL = excessive growth of the hooves; DewB = dewclaw broken or lost; WL: white line lesion; WCV and WCH = wall crack vertical and horizontal; HeelF = fissure crack in transition heel/toe; HeelG = excessive growth of the heel tissue; y Asym = asymmetry between digit claws; The score grade was: 0 = none, 1 = mild-moderate (without affecting the integrity of the claw), 2 = severe (affecting the integrity of the claw, including gait difficulties or indicating clinics sings of pain).