Table 3.
Individual pharmacokinetic parameters adjusted for dose and biomarker measurements of four calves by remote drug delivery (RDD) sequence (1–15) over 24 h following failed RDD administration of tulathromycin (Draxxin 100 mg/mL, Zoetis, Kalamazoo, MI) injected using a Type U 10.0 cc ¾ inch 14 GA Needle pneumatic dart (Pneu-Dart, Williamsport, PA) administered with a Model 178B breech loading projector (Pneu-Dart, Williamsport, PA)
| Parameter | Unit | 1 | 3 | 12 | 14 | Mean | SEM |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dose | mg/kg | 2.70 | 2.58 | 2.61 | 2.81 | 2.67 | 0.05 |
| AUCall | h*ng/mL | 248 | 217 | 212 | 183 | 214 | 13.33 |
| Cl/F obs | mL/min/kg | 128.3 | 85.1 | 173.5 | 118.8 | 122.5 | 18.21 |
| Cmax | ng/mL | 44.3 | 21 | 81.7 | 32.3 | 39.6 | 13.18 |
| Half-life (T1/2) | H | 59.5 | 76.7 | 26.4 | 97.7 | 58.6 | 15.09 |
| Tmax | H | 0.25 | 0.5 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.30 | 0.06 |
| Vz/F obs | L/kg | 660.1 | 565.3 | 395.8 | 1004.7 | 620.7 | 128.31 |
| Mean cortisol | (nmol/L) | 25.5 | 22.6 | 37.0 | 23.6 | 27.3 | 3.03 |
| Mean creatine kinase (CK) | (IU/L) | 72.3 | 134.9 | 657.5 | 196.0 | 262.5 | 89.5 |
| Mean aspartate aminotransferase (AST) | (IU/L) | 73.5 | 78.5 | 98.6 | 95.1 | 86.14 | 3.88 |
| Mean Difference of mechanical nociception threshold (MNT) | (KgF) | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 0.6 | 1.1 | 0.39 |
| Infrared thermography (IRT) | (ºC) | 32.6 | 33.5 | 32.4 | 33.3 | 32.9 | 0.79 |
AUCALL = area under the curve for all timepoints; Cl/F obs = the observed Cl per fraction of the dose absorbed; CMAX = maximum plasma concentration; T ½ = terminal half-life; TMAX = time to CMAX; Vz = volume of distribution, area method; Vz/F = Vz per fraction of the dose absorbed.