. 2018 Jul 10;96(8):3221–3232. doi: 10.1093/jas/sky116

Table 4.

Effect of low-protein diet on lipid metabolism in growing and finishing pig

Item^a	Dietary treatment^b			SEM	P value
Item^a	NP	LP	VLP	SEM	P value
Growing pig
Serum TC, mmol/L	2.10	1.66	1.76	0.20	0.154
Serum TG, mmol/L	0.34	0.24	0.30	0.04	0.300
Serum leptin, ng/mL	0.50^b	0.41^b	0.66^a	0.03	<0.01
Serum adiponectin, μg/mL	3.15^a	3.27^a	2.69^b	0.10	<0.01
IMF in muscle, %	1.35^b	1.59^ab	2.02^a	0.20	0.082
ACCα mRNA level in muscle	0.85^b	1.09^ab	1.37^a	0.19	0.078
HSL mRNA level in muscle	1.33^a	1.32^a	0.88^b	0.17	0.053
Finishing pig
Serum TC, mmol/L	2.30	2.42	2.56	0.14	0.440
Serum TG, mmol/L	0.46	0.42	0.50	0.05	0.544
Serum leptin, ng/mL	0.41	0.50	0.51	0.05	0.323
Serum adiponectin, μg/mL	3.42	3.26	3.06	0.13	0.231
IMF in muscle, %	1.59^b	2.21^a	2.49^a	0.19	0.018
ACCα mRNA level in muscle	0.89^b	1.32^a	1.39^a	0.21	0.041
HSL mRNA level in muscle	1.56^a	1.07^b	0.91^b	0.14	0.027

^a,bWithin a row, values with different superscript letters differ (P < 0.05).

^aTC = total cholesterol; TG = triglyceride; IMF = intramuscular fat; ACCα = acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase alpha; HSL = hormone-sensitive lipase.

^bDietary treatment: NP = normal protein; LP = low protein; VLP = very low protein.