Table 1.
Summary of subunits found in the E. coli RNAP core enzyme
| Subunit(gene) | Size(MW) | Functions |
|---|---|---|
| α(rpoA) | 329 aa(36.5 kDa) | RNAP assembly (NTD), interactions with DNA and transcription factors for transcriptional regulation |
| β(rpoB) | 1342 aa(150.4 kDa) | DNA and RNA binding, RNA synthesis, NTP binding, rifampin binding site, σ factor binding |
| β′(rpoC) | 1407 aa(155.0 kDa) | DNA binding, RNA synthesis, catalytic Mg2+ coordination, ppGpp binding sites 1 and 2, σ factor binding |
| ω(rpoZ) | 91 aa(10.2 kDa) | RNAP folding, ppGpp binding site 1 |