Table 1.
Summary of subunits found in the E. coli RNAP core enzyme
| Subunit (gene) |
Size (MW) |
Functions |
|---|---|---|
| α (rpoA) |
329 aa (36.5 kDa) |
RNAP assembly (NTD), interactions with DNA and transcription factors for transcriptional regulation |
| β (rpoB) |
1342 aa (150.4 kDa) |
DNA and RNA binding, RNA synthesis, NTP binding, RMP binding site, σ factor binding |
| β’ (rpoC) |
1407 aa (155.0 kDa) |
DNA binding, RNA synthesis, catalytic Mg2+ coordination, ppGpp binding site 1, σ factor binding |
| ω (rpoZ) |
91 aa (10.2 kDa) |
RNAP folding, ppGpp binding site 1 |