Table 4. Factors associated with breastfeeding initiation within one hour of birth, from logistic regression of 249 observed cases.
| Variable | Total | % of mothers initiating breastfeeding within 1 hour | UOR | 95%CI | P value | AOR | 95% CI | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (in years) | ||||||||
| 15–24 | 149 | 66.4 | 1.0 | - | - | 1.0 | - | - |
| 25–34 | 87 | 71.3 | 1.3 | 0.7–2.2 | 0.443 | 0.9 | 0.6–2.8 | 0.359 |
| 35 and above | 13 | 76.9 | 1.7 | 0.4–6.4 | 0.444 | 1.4 | 0.6–18.2 | 0.151 |
| Highest level of education | ||||||||
| No formal education or primary incomplete | 71 | 69.0 | 1.0 | - | - | |||
| Primary complete | 105 | 68.6 | 0.98 | 0.5–1.9 | 0.950 | |||
| Secondary complete or higher | 73 | 68.5 | 0.98 | 0.5–2.0 | 0.946 | |||
| Occupation | ||||||||
| Unemployed / housewife | 229 | 68.6 | 1.0 | - | - | |||
| Employed | 20 | 70.0 | 1.1 | 0.4–2.9 | 0.894 | |||
| Religion | ||||||||
| Muslim | 24 | 83.3 | 1.0 | - | - | |||
| Non-Muslim | 225 | 67.1 | 0.4 | 0.1–1.2 | 0.113 | |||
| Gestational age at time of delivery | ||||||||
| Pre-term pregnancy (< 37 weeks) | 126 | 65.1 | 1.0 | - | - | |||
| Term pregnancy (≥ 37 weeks) | 120 | 71.7 | 1.4 | 0.8–2.3 | 0.267 | |||
| Type of facility | ||||||||
| District hospitals | 114 | 82.5 | 3.5 | 2.0–6.4 | 0.0001 | 3.2 | 1.5–6.4 | 0.002 |
| Sub-district hospitals | 135 | 57.0 | 1.0 | - | - | 1.0 | - | - |
| Privacy in delivery room | ||||||||
| Maintained | 161 | 77.0 | 2.9 | 1.7–5.1 | 0.0001 | 2.6 | 1.2–4.8 | 0.010 |
| No privacy | 88 | 53.4 | 1.0 | - | - | 1.0 | - | - |
| Separate staff for newborn | ||||||||
| At least one staff present | 90 | 65.6 | 0.80 | 0.5–1.4 | 0.460 | |||
| None | 159 | 70.4 | 1.0 | - | ||||
| Newborn breathing or crying | ||||||||
| Spontaneous | 198 | 77.8 | 7.0 | 3.6–13.7 | 0.0001 | 4.9 | 3.4–17.2 | 0.000 |
| Delayed/ after resuscitation | 51 | 33.3 | 1.0 | - | - | 1.0 | - | - |
| Skin to skin contact | ||||||||
| Yes | 76 | 88.2 | 4.9 | 2.3–10.6 | 0.0001 | 3.4 | 1.9–10.4 | 0.001 |
| No | 173 | 60.1 | 1.0 | - | - | 1.0 | - | - |
| Postnatal contact with newborn or mother within one hour of delivery | ||||||||
| Yes | 47 | 87.2 | 3.8 | 1.5–9.3 | 0.0012 | 2.4 | 1.3–12.9 | 0.015 |
| No | 202 | 64.4 | 1.0 | - | - | 1.0 | - | - |
UOR: Unadjusted Odds Ratio; AOR: Adjusted Odds Ratio, adjusted for maternal age only; CI: Confidence Interval.