Table 4.
An overview on LAB used as probiotic in finfish aquaculture.
| Probiotic | Doses and administrationduration | Fish species | Parameters examined | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lb. plantarum | 2 × 107 CFU g−1–72 days | Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) | Growth performance and immune parameters | Soltani et al., 2017b |
| 10 × 109 CFU/kg–90 days | European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) | Growth performance and serum biochemical parameters | Piccolo et al., 2015 | |
| 108 CFU g−1–60 days | Rainbow trout | Serum biochemical as well as immune responses | Kane et al., 2016 | |
| 1.2 × 106, 0.9 × 106, and 0.56 × 106 cfu/g–80 days | Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) | Growth performance, Immune parameters, disease resistance | Soltani et al., 2017a | |
| 1.81 × 107 CFU g−1–58 days | Nile tilapia | Growth performance, haemato-immunological parameters and gut microbiota | Yamashita et al., 2017 | |
| 108 CFU g−1–28 days | Nile tilapia | Intestinal microbiota, growth performance and resistance against Cd exposure | Zhai et al., 2017 | |
| Growth performance and resistance against waterborne aluminum exposure | Yu et al., 2017 | |||
| Heat killed Lb. plantarum | 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 2 g kg−1–56 days | Red sea bream (Pagrus major) | Growth performance, immune parameters and antioxidant defense | Dawood et al., 2015 |
| Lb. plantarum + B. subtilis + P. aeruginosa | 0.5 × 108 CFU g−1–60 days | Rohu (Labeo rohita) | Immune parameters, antioxidant defenses and disease resistance | Giri et al., 2014 |
| Lb. plantarum + L. lactis | log10 7.0 CFU/g–30 days | Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) | Immune parameters and disease resistance | Beck et al., 2015 |
| Lb. plantarum +LMWSA | 108 CFU g−1–60 days | Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) | Growth performance, immune parameters and disease resistance | Van Doan et al., 2016c |
| Lb. plantarum + Jerusalem artichoke | 108 CFU g−1–12 weeks | Pangasius catfish (Pangasius bocourti) | Growth performance, immune parameters and disease resistance | Van Doan et al., 2016a |
| Lb. plantarum + Eryngii mushroom (Pleurotus eryngii) | 108 CFU g−1–90 days | Pangasius catfish | Growth performance, immune parameters and disease resistance | Van Doan et al., 2016b |
| Lb. acidophilus | 1.5 × 108, 3 × 108 and 6 × 108 CFU g−1–70 days | Black swordtail (Xiphophorus helleri) | Growth performance, mucosal immunity and intestinal microbiota | Hoseinifar et al., 2015c |
| 1.5 × 108, 3 × 108 and 6 × 108 CFU g−1–56 days | Gold fish (Carassius auratus gibelio) | Skin mucus protein profile and immune parameters, appetite and immune related genes expression | Hosseini et al., 2016 | |
| 106 CFU g−1–15 days | Nile tilapia | Immune related genes expression and disease resistance | Villamil et al., 2014 | |
| Lb. acidophilus + B. cereus + Clostridium butyricum | 1.0 × 109 CFU g−1–60 days | Hybrid grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus♂ × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀) | Growth performance, digestive and antioxidant enzymes activities | He et al., 2017 |
| Lb. casei | 5 × 106, 5 × 107 and 5 × 108 CFU g−1–60 days | Shirbot (Barbus gryprus) | Growth performance and digestive enzymes activity | Mohammadian et al., 2017 |
| 1.0 × 108 cells/g–28 days | Zebrafish (Danio rerio) | Reproductive performance and related genes expression | Qin et al., 2014 | |
| Lb. casei + apple cider vinegar | 108 CFU g−1–56 days | Common carp | Serum and mucus immune parameters, immune and antioxidant defense related genes expression | Safari et al., 2017 |
| Lb. paracasei | 106 CFU g−1–66 days | Rainbow trout | Growth performance and intestinal microbiota | Lopez Cazorla et al., 2015 |
| Lb. delbrueckii | 1 × 105, 1 × 106, 1 × 107 and 1 × 108 CFU g−1 | Common carp | Intestinal immune parameters, immune related genes expression, antioxidant defense, disease resistance | Zhang C.-N. et al., 2017 |
| Lb. delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus | 5 × 107 CFU g−1–60 days | Shirbot | Immune parameters and disease resistance | Mohammadian et al., 2016 |
| Lb. rhamnosus | 103,105 and 106 CFU/g–63 days | European eel (Anguilla anguilla) | Sperm quality and quantity, expression of genes related to spermatogenesis | Vílchez et al., 2015 |
| 1 × 102, 1 × 104 and 1 × 106 cells g−1–56 days | Red sea bream | Plasma and mucus parameters | Dawood et al., 2017 | |
| 107 and 108 CFU g−1–56 days | Rainbow trout | Intestinal microbiota and histology, biochemical parameters, and antioxidant defense | Topic (Popovic et al., 2017) | |
| Lb. rhamnosus+ Lb. lactis | 106 × cell/g–56 days | Red sea bream | Immune parameters and antioxidant defense | Dawood et al., 2016b |
| P. acidilactici | 106 CFU/g–10 days | Zebrafish | Expression of genes related to male and sperm quality | Valcarce et al., 2015 |
| 1 g kg−1–56 days | Green terror (Aequidens rivulatus) | Innate immune parameters and resistance to hypoxia stress | Neissi et al., 2013 | |
| P. acidilactici+ galactooligosaccharide (GOS) | 7.57 log CFU g−1–56 days | Rainbow trout | Growth performance, immune parameters and disease resistance | Hoseinifar et al., 2015a,b, 2016a |
| P. acidilactici+ GOS | 7.57 log CFU g−1–56 days | Common carp | Immune parameters and related genes expression | Modanloo et al., 2017 |
| P. pentosaceus | 6 × 1010, 1.6 × 1011, 1.6 × 1012 and 3.2 × 1012 cells g−1–56 days | Red sea bream | Skin mucus and serum immune parameters, resistance to low-salinity stress | Dawood et al., 2016a |
| 2 × 107, 2 × 108 and 2 × 109 CFU g−1–56 days | Siberian sturgeon | Intestinal and body composition | Moslehi et al., 2016 | |
| 109 CFU g−1–21 days | Orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) | Growth performance, immune related genes expression and disease resistance | Huang J.-B. et al., 2014 | |
| W. cibaria | 1.18 × 107 CFU g−1–45 days | Brazilian native surubins | Growth performance, haemato-immunological parameters and intestinal histomorphology | Jesus et al., 2017 |
| Lc. mesenteroides+ E. faecalis+ Lb. fermentum | 105, 107 and109 CFU g−1–56 days | Javanese carp (Puntius gonionotus) | Growth performance, intestinal microbiota and body composition | Allameh et al., 2016 |
| L. lactis WFLU12 | 109 CFU g−1–56 days | Olive flounder | Growth performance, immune parameters and disease resistance | Nguyen et al., 2017 |
| E. faecium | 107 CFU/g–35 days | Javanese carp | Digestive enzymes activity, intestinal short chain fatty, disease resistance | Allameh et al., 2015 |
| E. gallinarum L-1 | 106, 107, and 108 cfu mL−1–28 days | Sea bream, European sea bass, meager (Argyrosomus regius) and red porgy (Pagrus pagrus) | Immune parameters and peroxidase content | Román et al., 2015 |
| E. casseliflavus | 107, 108, and 109 CFU g−1–56 days | Rainbow trout | Intestinal microbiota, humoral immune parameters and disease resistance | Safari et al., 2016 |