FIG. 5.

VGLL4 silencing and its effects on osteogenic differentiation. (A) Real-time PCR confirming siRNA knockdown of VGLL4 in hAMSCs at days 2 and 5, posttransfection. (B) ALP activity recorded at day 7 posttreatment with or without CytoD of hAMSCs transfected with siRNA VGLL4 or siRNA control. (C) Alizarin Red staining at D9 posttreatment with or without CytoD of hAMSCs transfected with siRNA VGLL4 or siRNA control. (D) Gene expression of key osteogenic genes in transfected hAMSCs assayed by real-time qPCR at multiple time points postdifferentiation with or without CytoD. ALP, alkaline phosphatase; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; qPCR, quantitative PCR; REU, relative expression units; siRNA, small interfering RNA. Color images available online at www.liebertpub.com/scd