Table 4.

Overview of prognostic factors of recurrent SA in workers with common mental disorders

Factor	Result	Evidence	Outcome
Disease related factors
No factors were studied
Body functions and structures
No factors were studied
Activities
No factors were studied
(Work) participation
Previous episode(s) of sickness absence		2+
Sado et al. [91]	Positive		Time to recurrent SA
Koopmans et al. [88]	Positive		Recurrence of SA
Environmental factors
Medication use		Insufficient
Arends et al. [90]	No effect		Recurrent SA at 12 months
Environmental work related factors
Industry/sector		Insufficient
Koopmans et al. [88]	Positive		Recurrence of SA
Company size > 100		Insufficient
Arends et al. [90]	Positive		Recurrent SA at 12 months
Supervisor support		Insufficient
Arends et al. [90]	No effect		Recurrent SA at 12 months
Coworker support		Insufficient
Arends et al. [90]	No effect		Recurrent SA at 12 months
Conflict with supervisor		Insufficient
Arends et al. [90]	Positive		Recurrent SA at 12 months
Job demands		Insufficient
Endo et al. [92]	Positive		Recurrent SA
Job control		Insufficient
Endo et al. [92]	No effect		Recurrent SA
Type of social security contributions (general scheme vs self-employed)		Insufficient
Real et al. [64]	No effect		Recurrent SA
Personal factors
Older age		1+, 3−, 4ne
Koopmans et al. [86]	Negative ♀ No effect ♂		Recurrence of SA
Koopmans et al. [88]	Negative		Recurrence of SA
Roelen et al. [87]	No effect		Recurrent SA
Sado et al. [91]	Negative		Time to recurrent SA
Endo et al. [92]	No effect		Recurrent SA
Real et al. [64]	No effect		Recurrent SA
Norder et al. [93]	Positive		Recurrent SA episode
Gender		7ne
Sado et al. [91]	No effect		Time to recurrent SA
Koopmans et al. [86]	No effect		Recurrence of SA
Koopmans et al. [88]	No effect		Recurrence of SA
Roelen et al. [87]	No effect		Recurrence of SA
Norder et al. [93]	No effect		Recurrent SA episode
Endo et al. [92]	No effect		Recurrent SA
Real et al. [64]	No effect		Recurrent SA
Low socio-economic position		1+, 1ne
Roelen et al. [87]	No effect		Recurrence of SA
Virtanen et al. [75]	Positive		Recurrence of SA ≥ 90 days
Marital status unmarried		1+, 3ne
Koopmans et al. [88]	Positive ♀ No effect ♂		Recurrence of SA
Roelen et al. [87]	No effect		Recurrence of SA
Norder et al. [93]	No effect		Recurrent SA episode
Cohabiting		2ne
Arends et al. [90]	No effect		Recurrent SA at 12 months
Living alone
Endo et al. [92]	No effect		Recurrent SA
Co-morbid conditions		2+, 1−
Ervasti et al. [89]	Positive		Recurrence of SA
Koopmans et al. [88]	Positive		Recurrence of SA
Arends et al. [90]	Negative		Recurrent SA at 12 months
Personal work related factors
Higher salary scale		1−, 1ne
Koopmans et al. [88]	No effect		Recurrence of SA
Roelen et al. [87]	Negative		Recurrence of SA
Full-time vs part-time employed		3ne
Koopmans et al. [88]	No effect		Recurrence of SA
Roelen et al. [87]	No effect		Recurrence of SA
Norder et al. [93]	No effect		Recurrent SA episode
Being a shift worker (versus day worker)		Insufficient
Norder et al. [62]	No effect		Recurrent SA episode
Working as a manager		Insufficient
Endo et al. [92]	No effect		Recurrent SA
Shorter duration of employment (tenure)		2−, 1ne
Koopmans et al. [88]	Negative ♀ No effect ♂		Recurrence of SA
Roelen et al. [87]	Negative		Recurrence of SA
Time for commute		Insufficient
Endo et al. [92]	No effect		Recurrent SA
Job title		Insufficient
Endo et al. [92]	No effect		Recurrent SA

In Koopmans et al., Roelen et al., and Norder et al. recurrent was defined as SA > 28 days after RTW; in Real et al. recurrence was defined as within 180 days after RTW

+ positive related with recurrent SA, − negative related with recurrent SA, ne not related with recurrent SA