FIG 4.
Intranasal immunization with the recombinant virus NDV-polio induces systemic and mucosal antipoliovirus responses. (A) Development of an anti-NDV IgG response upon intranasal immunization of guinea pigs with either the recombinant virus NDV-polio or NDV strain LaSota without poliovirus inserts. (B) Development of an antipoliovirus neutralizing antibody (ab) response or antipoliovirus IgM and IgA in guinea pigs immunized intranasally with the recombinant virus NDV-polio. Titers are expressed as reciprocals of serum dilutions, shown on a log2 scale. The dashed red line in the neutralizing-antibody graph indicates a 1:8 serum titer, considered sufficient for antipoliovirus protection. (C) Development of antipoliovirus IgG and neutralizing antibodies in vaginal wash samples of guinea pigs immunized with the recombinant virus NDV-polio. Titers are expressed as reciprocals of serum dilutions, shown on a log2 scale.