Fig. 1. miRNA profiling across the proliferation-to-mineralization transition in human adult bone marrow-derived MSCs. (A) Schematic overview of the osteogenic differentiation of adult bone marrow-derived MSCs. Sampling time points are indicated. (B) qRT-PCR-derived fold-changes in mRNA expression for the osteoblast genes BMP2, SMAD1, RUNX2, ALP, and COL1A1 at the differentiation time point relative to the proliferation time point (time point 0). (C) Heat map showing microarray expression of downregulated miRNAs at the differentiation time point relative to time point 0. (C) TaqMan miRNA PCR validation of downregulated miRNAs. (D) qRT-PCR-derived expression of miR-451 at the proliferation time point (time point 0), differentiation time point, and mineralization time point. Data reported as means ± SEMs. *p < 0.05 versus proliferation time point (time point 0).