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. 2018 May 22;27(17):2986–3001. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddy190

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Figure 1. — Expression of functional PS rescues GSK3β-mediated axonal transport defects. (A) A representative larval segmental nerve from WT larva stained with the synaptic vesicle marker Cysteine string protein (CSP) shows smooth staining in their larval nerves. Scale Bar = 10 µm. (B and C) In contrast, larval segmental nerves expressing SGG^WT or SGG^ACTIVE show axonal blockages (arrows) that stain with CSP. (D) Larval segmental nerves from larvae expressing full-length Drosophila PS (PS+14) show smooth CSP stained larval nerves. (E) Larval segmental nerves from larvae expressing PS+14 and SGG^WT show smooth CSP staining. (F) Larval segmental nerves from larvae expressing PS+14 and SGG^ACTIVE also show smooth CSP staining. (G) Larvae expressing a non-functional form of PS, PSD447A show axonal blockages (arrows). (H) Larval segmental nerves from larvae expressing PSD447A and SGG^WT show axonal blockages (arrows). (I) Larvae expressing PSD447A and SGG^ACTIVE also show axonal blockages (arrows). (J) Larvae expressing SGG^WT and EGFP show axonal blockages (arrows) similar to larvae expressing SGG^WT (B). (K) Quantification analysis shows that the extent of axonal blockages in SGG^WT (P = 0.02784), EGFP; SGG^WT (P = 0.00538) and SGG^ACTIVE (P = 0.00721) are significant. The extent of axonal blockages in PS+14.1 and SGG^WT or SGG^ACTIVE is significantly decreased compared with larvae expressing SGG^WT (P = 0.04602) or SGG^ACTIVE (P = 0.01241) alone. N = 5 larvae for each genotype from at least three independent genetic crosses. Data are presented as mean ± SEM (*P < 0.05, using Student’s t-test). (L) Quantification analysis shows that the extent of axonal blockages in PSD447A is significant (P = 4.48 × 10⁻⁵). The extent of axonal blockages in PSD447A; SGG^WT or PSD447A; SGG^ACTIVE larvae compared with PSD447A (P = 0.03108), SGG^WT (P = 0.00255) or SGG^ACTIVE (P = 0.00237) was significant. N = 5 larvae for each genotype from at least three independent genetic crosses. Data are presented as mean ± SEM (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.005, ***P < 0.0005, using Student’s t-test).