Table 3.
Cigarette and smokeless tobacco perceived risk and benefit standardized composite scores, according to tobacco use group
| n | Cigarette Score | ST Score | Difference (95% CI) | p-valuea | cigarettes higherb (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||||
| Oral and rule-breaking risks | ||||||
| Total sample | 567 | 69.9 | 71.4 | −1.4 (−3.3, 0.4) | 0.13 | 41.6 |
| Past 30-day non-user | 401 | 72.5 | 75.3 | −2.8 (−4.8, −0.8) | 0.01* | 36.3 |
| Past 30-day non-ST user | 66 | 67.7 | 70.0 | −2.3 (−8.0, 2.3) | 0.32 | 41.8 |
| Past 30-day dual-user | 39 | 54.9 | 49.9 | 5.0 (−3.8, 15.0) | 0.24 | 31.5 |
| Past 30-day ST user | 61 | 64.8 | 60.7 | 4.1 (−2.1, 12.4) | 0.20 | 48.5 |
| Systemic health risks | ||||||
| Total sample | 567 | 64.5 | 46.5 | 18.0 (14.5, 21.8) | <0.001* | 76.5 |
| Past 30-day non-user | 401 | 66.5 | 51.3 | 15.2 (11.7, 19.4) | <0.001* | 66.9 |
| Past 30-day non-ST user | 66 | 59.0 | 44.0 | 15.0 (8.8, 21.5) | <0.001* | 82.8 |
| Past 30-day dual-user | 39 | 54.3 | 22.1 | 32.3 (21.3, 43.6) | <0.001* | 79.2 |
| Past 30-day ST user | 61 | 63.6 | 33.6 | 30.0 (20.1, 38.8) | <0.001* | 82.5 |
| Benefits | ||||||
| Total sample | 567 | 26.4 | 33.2 | −6.8 (−9.5, −4.3) | <0.001* | 28.7 |
| Past 30-day non-user | 401 | 25.6 | 30.5 | −4.9 (−7.8, −2.2) | <0.001* | 38.0 |
| Past 30-day non-ST user | 66 | 25.8 | 34.1 | −8.3 (−15.3, −2.3) | 0.01* | 26.1 |
| Past 30-day dual-user | 39 | 33.0 | 44.5 | −11.4 (−20.7, −2.4) | 0.02* | 25.2 |
| Past 30-day ST user | 61 | 27.7 | 43.4 | −15.6 (−21.9, −7.6) | <0.001* | 15.5 |
| Overall harm | ||||||
| Total sample | 565 | 89.6 | 74.2 | 15.3 (12.2, 18.6) | <0.001* | 65.1 |
| Past 30-day non-user | 397 | 91.2 | 79.7 | 11.4 (8.4, 14.8) | <0.001* | 56.0 |
| Past 30-day non-ST user | 69 | 88.7 | 75.3 | 13.4 (7.2, 19.8) | <0.001* | 65.2 |
| Past 30-day dual-user | 40 | 77.6 | 42.0 | 35.7 (22.8, 49.4) | <0.001* | 54.2 |
| Past 30-day ST user | 59 | 87.9 | 58.1 | 29.8 (20.7, 37.2) | <0.001* | 75.0 |
Composite scores determined within categories of risks or benefits, as identified by principal components analysis. Higher values indicate greater perceived likelihood of the outcome. Overall harm was from a single global item. Values adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, parental education, and year survey was taken.
a
Comparing mean cigarette score to mean ST score
b
Percent of participants with higher score for cigarettes than for ST
*
Statistically significant after Benjamini-Hochberg correction for multiple testing
Abbreviations: CI = confidence interval; ST = smokeless tobacco