Table 1.
Demographic data and underlying diseases of cases with probable, possible invasive aspergillosis (IA), and no evidence for IA as well as probable invasive mold infection (IMI).
| Demographic data, underlying diseases and other characteristics at the time of sampling (n=106) | Probable IA (n=11) | Possible IA (n=32) | No evidence for IA (n=63) | p-value* | probable IMI (n=18; including probable IA) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex |
Female Male |
6 (55%) 5 (45%) |
13 (41%) 19 (59% |
34 (54%) 29 (46%) |
>0.2 | 7 (39%) 11 (61%) |
| Age [years] | Median (Range) | 55 (49–74) | 60 (26–82) | 57 (27–85) | >0.2 | 59 (49–79) |
| Underlying diseases |
AML / MDS NHL MM ALL Others# |
6 (50%) 2 (18%) 1 (9%) 2 (18%) 0 |
22 (60%) 4 (13%) 0 4 (13%) 2 (6%) |
23 (37%) 18 (29%) 8 (13%) 5 (8%) 9 (14%) |
0.06 | 11 (61%) 3 (17%) 1 (6%) 3 (17%) 0 |
| Other characteristics | Autologous SCT | 2 (18%) | 2 (6%) | 7 (11%) | >0.2 | 3 (17%) |
| Allogeneic SCT | 3 (27%) | 11 (34%) | 13 (21%) | >0.2 | 6 (33%) | |
| GvHD | 2 (18%) | 7 (22%) | 7 (11%) | >0.2 | 5 (28%) | |
| Systemic corticosteroid treatment within 14 days of sampling | 6 (55%) | 6 (19%) | 18 (29%) | 0.08 | 8 (44%) | |
| Positive diagnostic test for viral infections within 14 days of sampling | 5 (45%) | 15 (47%) | 18 (29%) | 0.18 | 11 (61%) | |
| Positive diagnostic test for relevant bacterial pathogens/pneumocystis or toxoplasma in BALF§ | 1 (9%) | 8 (25%) | 12 (19%) | >0.2 | 1 (9%) | |
| Neutropenia (<500/μL) ≤10 days | 3 (27%) | 6 (19%) | 11 (17%) | >0.2 | 4 (22%) | |
| Neutropenia (<500/μL) >10 days | 5 (45%) | 15 (47%) | 8 (13%) | <0.001 | 7 (39%) | |
| Mold-active antifungal prophylaxis/treatment (within 24h before sampling and ≥2 days) | 10 (91%) | 30 (94%) | 45 (71%) | 0.02 | 16 (89%) | |
Bold indicates p-values that met statistical significance.
included in cases with possible IA 1 chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL) and 1 primary myelofibrosis; and in cases without evidence for IMI 4 CLL, 2 primary myelofibrosis, 2 Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and 1 anaplastic anemia.
Bacterial pathogens: 1 in probable IA, 7 in possible IA, 8 in no IA; Pneumocystis: 1 in possible IA, 3 in no IA; Toxoplasma: 1 in no IA.
Abbreviations: ALL = acute lymphocytic leukemia; AML= acute myelogenous leukemia; GvHD = Graft versus Host Disease; IA = invasive aspergillosis; IMI = invasive mold infection; MDS = myelodysplastic syndrome; MM = multiple myeloma; NHL = Non-Hodgkin lymphoma; SCT = stem cell transplantation.