Table 4.
Performance of diagnostic tests in serum samples (IL-8, IL-6, GM, LFD, Aspergillus PCR, and BDG) and in same-day BALF samples (IL-8, GM, LFD, Aspergillus PCR), for differentiating possible/probable invasive aspergillosis (IA; n=43) versus no evidence of IA (n=63).
| Test/test combination* | Sensitivity | Specificity | PPV | NPV | DOR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Serum IL-8 (>300 pg/mL) | 16% (7/43) | 98% (62/63) | 88% (7/8) | 63% (62/98) | 12.0 (1.4–102) |
| Serum IL-8 (>60 pg/mL) | 30% (13/43) | 92% (58/63) | 72% (13/18) | 66% (58/88) | 5.0 (1.6–15.4) |
| Serum LFD (45 min) | 12% (5/43) | 97% (61/63) | 71% (5/7) | 62% (61/99) | 4.0 (0.7–21.7) |
| Serum IL-8 (>14 pg/mL) | 58% (25/43) | 63% (40/63) | 52% (25/48) | 83% (40/58) | 2.4 (1.1–5.3) |
| Serum LFD (15 min) | 2% (1/43) | 98% (62/63) | 50% (1/2) | 60% (62/104) | 1.5 (0.1–24.3) |
| Serum GM (>0.5 ODI) | 5% (2/43) | 97% (61/63) | 50% (2/4) | 60% (61/102) | 1.5 (0.2–11.0) |
| Serum IL-6 (>40 pg/mL) | 35% (15/43) | 70% (44/63) | 44% (15/34) | 61% (44/72) | 1.2 (0.5–2.8) |
| Serum BDG (>80 pg/mL) | 28% (12/43) | 75% (47/63) | 43% (12/28) | 60% (47/78) | 1.1 (0.5–2.7) |
| Blood Aspergillus PCR | 0% (0/39) | 100% (55/55) | – | 59% (55/94) | – |
| BALF Aspergillus PCR | 10% (4/42) | 98% (58/59) | 80% (4/5) | 60% (58/96) | 6.1 (0.7–56.7) |
| BALF LFD (10 min) | 19% (8/43) | 95% (60/63) | 73% (8/11) | 63% (60/95) | 4.6 (1.1–18.4) |
| BALF GM (>0.5 ODI) | 23% (10/43) | 92% (58/63) | 67% (10/15) | 64% (58/91) | 3.5 (1.1–11.2) |
| BALF LFD (15 min) | 33% (14/43) | 87% (55/63) | 64% (14/22) | 65% (55/84) | 3.3 (1.2–8.8) |
| BALF IL-8 (>556 pg/mL) | 65% (28/43) | 48% (30/63) | 46% (28/61) | 67% (30/45) | 1.7 (0.8–3.8) |
| BALF IL-8 (>1000 pg/mL) | 47% (20/43) | 67% (42/63) | 49% (20/41) | 65% (42/65) | 1.7 (0.8–3.9) |
*
Combinations of IL-8 >300pg/mL (serum) and/or positive LFD (BALF read after 10 min and 15 min, respectively), as well as IL-8 >300pg/mL (serum) and/or positive Aspergillus PCR (BALF), were also included.
Abbreviations: BALF= bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; BDG=beta-D-glucan; IL=Interleukin; LFD=Aspergillus specific Lateral-flow-device Test; NPV=negative predictive value; PPV=positive predictive value;