Table 2.
Demographics and clinical presentation of the patients with or without exposure history
| Total (n = 41) | Patients with exposure history (n = 31) | Patients without exposure history (n = 10) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age (range (median)) | 1−90 (53) | 1−90 (47) | 30−81 (65.5) |
| Male (n (%)) | 31 (75.6) | 21 (67.7) | 10 (100.0) |
| Time of presentation after exposure (median (IQR)) | – | 8.5 h (2.6–15.9 h) | – |
| Bleeding (n (%)) | 10 (24.4) | 0 (0) | 10 (100.0) |
| Oral mucosal bleeding | 4 (9.8) | 0 (0) | 4 (40.0) |
| Hematoma over limbs | 3 (7.3) | 0 (0) | 3 (30.0) |
| Gross hematuria | 2 (4.9) | 0 (0) | 2 (20.0) |
| Epistaxis | 1 (2.4) | 0 (0) | 1 (10.0) |
| Gastrointestinal bleeding | 1 (2.4) | 0 (0) | 1 (10.0) |
| Spontaneous ecchymosis | 1 (2.4) | 0 (0) | 1 (10.0) |
| Hemoperitoneum | 1 (2.4) | 0 (0) | 1 (10.0) |
| Modified poisoning severity score (PSS) | |||
| PSS grade 0 (n (%); INR ≤ 1.5) | 20 (48.8) | 20 (64.5) | 0 (0) |
| PSS grade 1 (n (%); INR > 1.5 and ≤ 2.5) | 5 (12.2) | 5 (16.1) | 0 (0) |
| PSS grade 2 (n (%); INR > 2.5; no bleeding events) | 6 (14.6) | 6 (19.4) | 0 (0) |
| PSS grade 3 (n (%); INR > 2.5; with bleeding events) | 10 (24.4) | 0 (0) | 10 (100.0) |
| PSS grade 4 (n (%); fatal poisoning) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |