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. 2018 Aug 17;8:12308. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-29898-2

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Maximum likelihood trees of the DEFB1, DEFB103, DEFB139, and DEFB140 genes. Purple, green, red, yellow, orange, blue, and grey indicate Euarchonta, Rodentia, Lagomorpha, Chiroptera, Perissodactyla, Carnivora, and Cetartiodactyla, respectively. Support values under 40 are hidden. Branches under episodic positive selection (empirical Bayesian factor, EBF > 60), irrespective of whether the mature peptide region or entire sequence were used in the analyses, are shown in blue. Branches in red indicate lineages with EBF > 60 only when the entire sequence was analysed. The Latin species names and their abbreviations are as follows: Acinonyx jubatus (Acju), A. melanoleuca (Aime), Aotus nancymaae (Aona), Balaenoptera acutorostrata (Baac), B. taurus (Bota), Callithrix jacchus (Caja), Camelus ferus (Cafe), C. lupus familiaris (Calufa), Capra aegagrus hircus (Caaehi), Carlito syrichta (Casv), Cavia porcellus (Capo), Cebus capucinus (Ceca), Ceratotherium simum simum (Cesisi), Chlorocebus sabaeus (Chsa), Cricetulus griseus (Crgr), Dasypus novemcinctus (Dano), Echinops telfairi (Ecte), Elephantulus edwardii (Eled), Eptesicus fuscus (Epfu), Equus africanus asinus (Eqafas), Equus ferus caballus (Eqfeca), Erinaceus europaeus (Ereu), F. catus (Feca), Fukomys damarensis (Fuda), Galeopterus variegatus (Gava), Gorilla gorilla (Gogo), Heterocephalus glaber (Hegl), Hipposideros armiger (Hiar), H. sapiens (Hosa), Jaculus jaculus (Jaja), Leptonychotes weddellii (Lewe), Lipotes vexillifer (Live), Macaca mulatta (Mamu), Manis javanica (Maja), Marmota marmota (Mama), Mesocricetus auratus (Meau), Microcebus murinus (Mimu), Microtus ochrogaster (Mioc), M. musculus (Mumu), Mustela putorius furo (Mupu), Myotis brandtii (Mybr), Myotis capaccinii (Myca), Myotis davidii (Myda), Myotis lucifugus (Mylu), Nomascus leucogenys (Nole), Ochotona princeps (Ocpr), Octodon degus (Ocde), Odobenus rosmarus (Odro), Orcinus orca (Oror), Orycteropus afer (Oraf), Oryctolagus cuniculus (Orcu), Otolemur garnettii (Otga), Ovis aries (Ovar), Panthera tigris (Pati), Pantholops hodgsonii (Paho), Papio anubis (Paan), Peromyscus maniculatus (Pema), Physeter macrocephalus (Phma), Pongo pygmaeus (Popy), Propithecus coquereli (Prco), Pteropus alecto (Ptal), Pteropus vampyrus (Ptva), Rattus norvegicus (Rano), Rhinolophus sinicus (Rhsi), Rousettus aegyptiacus (Roae), Saimiri boliviensis (Sabo), Spalax galili (Spga), Sus scrofa (Susc), Tupaia chinensis (Tuch), Tursiops truncatus (Tutr), Ursus maritimus (Urma), Vicugna pacos (Vipa).