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. 2018 Aug 17;8:12301. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-30055-y

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Colonization of eif2ak4^−/− mice with AIEC triggers chronic gut inflammation. eif2ak4^+/+ and eif2ak4^−/− mice were challenged by oral gavage for 3 days (once per day) with PBS (N = 6 mice per group) or with 10⁹ CFU of the AIEC LF82 strain (N = 7 mice per group) or the non-pathogenic E. coli K12 MG1655 strain (N = 6 mice per group). (A) The numbers of AIEC LF82 and E. coli K12 were determined in the feces collected every day post-infection by platting on LB media containing selective antibiotics. Data are represented as means ± SEM. (B) Fecal lcn-2 levels were measured by ELISA. Means were shown as lines. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA test followed by Bonferroni’s post-hoc comparisons. *P < 0.05; **P ≤ 0.01; ***P ≤ 0.001.