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. 2018 Aug 17;8:12301. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-30055-y

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Colonization of eif2ak4^−/− mice with AIEC results in modification of the gut microbiota composition at day 14 and 21 post-infection. eif2ak4^+/+ and eif2ak4^−/− mice were challenged by oral gavage for 3 days (once per day) with PBS (N = 6 mice per group) or with 10⁹ CFU of the AIEC LF82 strain (N = 7 mice per group). Feces were collected at day 14 (A–D) and 21 (E–H) post-infection for the analysis of the bacterial microbiota composition based on Illumina sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Mouse fecal bacterial communities were clustered using PCoA of the weighted UniFrac distance matrix. PCoA-1 and PCoA-2 were plotted, and the percentage of the variation explained by the plotted principal coordinates was indicated in the Y-X-axis labels. (A,E) Comparison between mouse groups: eif2ak4^+/+ + PBS, eif2ak4^+/+ + LF82, eif2ak4^−/− + PBS and eif2ak4^−/− + LF82. (B,F) Comparison between mouse groups: eif2ak4^+/+ + PBS and eif2ak4^+/+ + LF82. (C,G) Comparison between mouse groups: eif2ak4^−/− + PBS and eif2ak4^−/− + LF82. (D,H) Comparison between mouse groups: eif2ak4^+/+ + LF82 and eif2ak4^−/− + LF82. Groups were compared using permanova method. Ns, not significant; *P < 0.05; **P ≤ 0.01; ***P ≤ 0.001.