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. 2018 Aug 17;8:12301. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-30055-y

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Colonization of Tg/eif2ak4^−/− mice with AIEC results in modification of Turicibacter, Clostridium and Escherichia abundance. Tg/eif2ak4^+/+ and Tg/eif2ak4^−/− mice were challenged by oral gavage for 3 days (once per day) with PBS (N = 6 mice per group) or with 10⁹ CFU of the AIEC LF82 strain (N = 6 mice per group). Feces were collected at day 14 (A,B) and 21 (C–E) post-infection for the analysis of the bacterial microbiota composition based on Illumina sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Relative abundance of Turicibacter (A,C), Clostridium (B,D) and Escherichia (E) between mouse groups: Tg/eif2ak4^+/+ + PBS, Tg/eif2ak4^+/+ + LF82, Tg/eif2ak4^−/− + PBS and Tg/eif2ak4^−/− + LF82. (F) qPCR analysis of the LF82-specific pMT gene expression level in the feces at the indicated time. Data were normalized to total bacterial. Fold-induction was calculated using the ΔΔCt method. Values were expressed as means ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA test followed by Bonferroni’s post-hoc comparisons. *P < 0.05; **P ≤ 0.01; ***P ≤ 0.001; ****P ≤ 0.0001.