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. 2018 Aug 15;20(9):894–904. doi: 10.1016/j.neo.2018.07.006

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© 2018 The Authors

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

PAICS is essential for BLCA cell growth. (A) Transient knockdown of PAICS in BLCA cell line VM-CUB1 reduces cell proliferation. Transient knockdown was achieved by two specific and independent PAICS siRNA duplexes. Nontargeting siRNA served as a negative control. PAICS knockdown was confirmed by immunoblot analysis using specific monoclonal antibody. Here, we used b-actin as a loading control. (B) Colony formation assay of VM-CUB1 cells after treating with either PAICS siRNA or NT-siRNA. The photographic images of colony formation assay are shown. (C) Photographic images of 3D Spheroid cell invasion assay. VM-CUB1 cells were treated with PAICS siRNA or NT-siRNA for 72 hours followed by seeding in a basement membrane extract to allow spheroids to form. Images were taken after 3 days of the invasion matrix addition.