. 2018 Aug 16;6:e5394. doi: 10.7717/peerj.5394

Table 2. Hydration data collected pre- and post-heating while euhydrated and hypohydrated in obese and non-obese individuals.

Hydration markers
		Non-obese	Obese
Body mass loss (kg) from 3-day euhydrated baseline
Pre-heating	Euhydrated	0.62 ± 1.08	−0.44 ± 1.39
	Hypohydrated	−0.97 ± 0.74^b	−0.91 ± 0.90^b
Additional body mass loss (kg) from passive heating
Post-heating	Euhydrated	−0.89 ± 0.43	−0.23 ± 0.24
	Hypohydrated	−1.46 ± 0.29^b	−0.78 ± 0.37^b
Urine specific gravity
Pre-heating	Euhydrated	1.008 ± 0.005	1.009 ± 0.006
	Hypohydrated	1.024 ± 0.004^b	1.026 ± 0.004^b
Post-heating	Euhydrated	1.009 ± 0.003	1.011 ± 0.007
	Hypohydrated	1.026 ± 1.004^a^,^b	1.029 ± 0.004^a^,^b
Urine osmolality (mOsm)
Pre-heating	Euhydrated	347 ± 195	377 ± 226
	Hypohydrated	961 ± 105^b	1051 ± 116^b
Post-heating	Euhydrated	401 ± 104	454 ± 271
	Hypohydrated	992 ± 89^a^,^b	1126 ± 114^a^,^b
Serum osmolality (mOsm)
Pre-heating	Euhydrated	285 ± 2	283 ± 3
	Hypohydrated	289 ± 4^b	287 ± 3^b
Post-heating	Euhydrated	284 ± 3	281 ± 2
	Hypohydrated	294 ± 4^a^,^b	291 ± 3^a^,^b

Notes.

Significant difference from corresponding pre-heating value.

Significant difference from corresponding euhydration value.