Table 2.

Baseline variables entering the final stepwise backward linear mixed models with study as random factor testing for effects of the intervention on changes in the cognitive variables between baseline and 12 months in the full intention‐to‐treat dataset (Dataset 3, n = 322)

Baseline variable	TMT‐Bb			TMT‐Ab			10‐words first trialb			10‐words totalb
				Coefficient	SE	P‐value	Coefficient	SE	P‐value	Coefficient	SE	P‐value
Treatment groupa	−0.90	5.98	0.880	4.10	2.39	0.087	0.27	0.14	0.065	0.93	0.52	0.076
Age	−0.68	0.31	0.028	−3.02	0.13	0.018	−0.01	0.01	0.110	Not entered
Sex	Not entered			−4.42	2.62	0.093	Not entered			Not entered
Diabetes	−31.18	7.43	<0.001	−6.65	2.92	0.024	−0.33	0.18	0.068	−1.03	0.66	0.122
Hyperlipidemia	15.09	7.57	0.047	Not entered			0.43	0.18	0.019	1.91	0.67	0.005
Smoking status	Not entered			−4.35	2.84	0.127	Not entered			Not entered
Onset to test time	−0.33	0.17	0.057	−0.16	0.07	0.025	Not entered			Not entered
TMT‐B	0.54	0.05	<0.001	−0.08	0.02	<0.001	Not entered			−0.01	0.00	0.005
TMT‐A	−0.32	0.11	0.004	0.59	0.05	<0.001	Not entered			Not entered
10‐words first trial	−5.40	3.29	0.101	Not entered			−1.02	0.08	<0.001	−0.51	0.29	0.078
10‐words sum	2.23	0.81	0.006	Not entered			0.12	0.02	<0.001	−0.41	0.07	<0.001
MMSE	Not entered			0.92	0.62	0.137	0.09	0.03	0.013	0.31	0.13	0.020
Total cholesterol	Not entered			0.14	0.05	0.008	0.01	0.00	0.024	0.02	0.01	0.157
HDL cholesterol	−0.40	0.20	0.044	−0.34	0.09	<0.001	−0.02	0.01	0.001	−0.05	0.02	0.007
LDL cholesterol	−0.14	0.09	0.104	−0.19	0.06	0.001	−0.01	0.00	0.003	−0.03	0.01	0.020
Systolic blood pressure	Not entered			Not entered			0.01	0.003	0.030	0.03	0.01	0.038
Modified Rankin Scale score	10.16	7.02	0.149	4.42	2.78	0.113	Not entered			1.31	0.60	0.030
Barthel index	Not entered			−0.17	0.11	0.127	Not entered			Not entered
Depressive symptoms	Not entered			−6.97	2.77	0.012	Not entered			Not entered

HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; LDL, low‐density lipoprotein; MMSE, Mini‐Mental State Examination; not entered, variable did not enter the final model; SE, standard error. ^aReference is the control group. ^bDifferences between baseline and 12 months; positive values indicate improvement. Variances explained by the final model: R ² = 0.49 for trail making test (TMT)‐A; R ² = 0.31 for TMT‐B; R ² = 0.44 for 10‐words test first trial; R ² = 0.33 for 10‐words test sum. P‐values ≤ 0.05 are in bold.