Table 4.

Association of smoking status and alcohol intake with mortality risk, stratified by tumour stage (n = 1,393)

	Low stage (n = 572)				High stage (n = 821)
	HR	Lower CI	Upper CI	p valuea	HR	Lower CI	Upper CI	p valuea
Model 1
Smoking								<0.001
Former	2.02	1.05	3.86		1.65	1.13	2.41
Current	2.90	1.44	5.82	0.002	3.50	2.31	5.29
Alcohol amount								0.445
Moderate	0.67	0.35	1.30		0.75	0.50	1.12
Hazardous/harmful	1.45	0.90	2.34	0.074	1.08	0.78	1.50
Model 2
Smoking								0.005
Former	2.05	1.06	3.97		1.35	0.92	1.99
Current	2.38	1.16	4.90	0.052	1.75	1.11	2.75
Alcohol amount								0.619
Moderate	0.72	0.37	1.40		0.80	0.53	1.19
Hazardous/harmful	1.50	0.92	2.45	0.121	1.05	0.76	1.45
Model 3
Smoking								0.004
Former	2.15	1.09	4 23		1.40	0.94	2.09
Current	2.54	1.19	5.45	0.075	1.77	1.09	2.86
Alcohol amount								0.655
Moderate	0.71	0.36	1.40		0.81	0.54	1.23
Hazardous/harmful	1.58	0.96	2.60	0.086	1.04	0.75	1.46
Model 4
Smoking								0.004
Former	2.00	1.01	3.97		1.37	0.92	2.05
Current	2.29	1.06	4.94	0.075	1.70	1.04	2.77
Alcohol amount								0.904
Moderate	0.68	0.34	1.33		0.85	0.56	1.29
Hazardous/harmful	1.44	0.88	2.36	0.135	1.02	0.73	1.42

Model 1 (minimally adjusted): adjusted for age and gender.

Model 2: additionally adjusted for clinical features (stage, treatment, comorbidity, BMI).

Model 3: additionally adjusted for social features (education, annual household income, IMD, marital status, ethnicity).

Model 4 (fully adjusted): additionally includes smoking or drinking.

HR = hazard ratio; CI = confidence interval.

^a p values for trend.