Table 3.
Multivariate Cox regression analysis of the association between antipsychotic polypharmacy prescribing and mortality in individuals with serious mental illness. (n = 10 945)
| Models | Antipsychotic polypharmacy vs. monotherapy | |
|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Unadjusted model | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | P = 0.166 |
| Model adjusted for age and gender | 1.2 (1.0–1.5) | P = 0.016 |
| Model adjusted for socio‐demographica and socioeconomicb factors | 1.2 (1.0–1.5) | P = 0.020 |
| Model adjusted for age, gender and clinical factors c | 1.2 (1.0–1.5) | P = 0.017 |
| Model adjusted for age, gender and smoking | 1.1 (0.9–1.4) | P = 0.111 |
| Fullyadjusted modeld | 1.2 (0.9–1.4) | P = 0.079 |
| Fully adjusted model using propensity score as a covariated | 1.2 (0.9–1.4) | P = 0.084 |
| Fully adjusted model and %BNF dosee, d | 1.3 (1.0–1.5) | P = 0.031 |
| Fully adjusted model and olanzapine equivalence dosef, d | 1.2 (0.9–1.5) | P = 0.088 |
| Natural causes of death | HR (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted model | 0.8 (0.7–1.0) | P = 0.062 |
| Fully adjusted modeld | 1.2 (0.9–1.4) | P = 0.111 |
| Fully adjusted model and %BNFe, d | 1.3 (1.0–1.6) | P = 0.040 |
| Fully adjusted model and Olanzapine equivalence dosef, d | 1.2 (0.9–1.5) | P = 0.166 |
| Unnatural causes of death | HR (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted model | 1.1 (0.7–1.8) | P = 0.601 |
| Fully adjusted modeld | 1.1 (0.7–1.9) | P = 0.619 |
| Fully adjusted model and %BNFe, d | 0.9 (0.6–1.7) | P = 0.960 |
| Fully adjusted model and Olanzapine equivalence dosef, d | 1.1 (0.6–1.9) | P = 0.821 |
Bold indicates statistically significant value (P < 0.05).
Sociodemographic factors included age, gender, ethnicity, relationship status.
Socioeconomic factors included employment and deprivation level.
Clinical factors comprised comorbid depression (ICD‐10: F32‐33), personality disorder (ICD‐10: F60‐61) and substance use (ICD‐10: F10‐16); and time known to SLAM services (days).
Includes all of the above.
Antipsychotic dose information was available for 92% of the sample; therefore the total cohort sample for the analysis including %BNF dose was n = 10 022.
Gardner et al. 26, do not provide an olanzapine equivalent dose for asenapine, therefore the total cohort sample for the analysis was n = 10 017.