Table 1.
Percent dry weight, w/w extraction yields from dry starting material, percent alkaloid extract (from the crude extract), acetyl-(AChE) and butyryl- (BuChE) cholinesterase inhibitory activity of alkaloid-enriched extracts from Chilean Rhodophiala.
| Scientific Names, Abbreviated Collection Place and Reference Letter | % Dry Weight *a | w/w Extraction Yield *b | % Alkaloid Extract *c | AChE IC50 (μg/mL) *d |
BuChE IC50 (μg/mL) *d |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aerial parts | |||||
| R. andicola, SN (B) | 15.46 | 30.63 | 3.16 | 18.16 ± 2.94 | 138.27 ± 6.83 |
| R. andicola, NC (D) | 18.70 | 22.10 | 2.86 | 12.30 ± 0.74 | 43.41 ± 2.64 |
| R. andicola, VL (F) | 20.00 | 17.50 | 2.07 | 74.44 ± 5.53 | >200 |
| R. araucana, M, (H) | 17.70 | 25.30 | 3.78 | *e | *e |
| R. montana, LM (J) | 21.40 | 9.40 | 1.14 | 33.57 ± 2.16 | 16.38 ± 0.78 |
| R. pratensis, AC, RF, nl, sand dunes (L) | 14.84 | 27.08 | 1.93 | 72.59 ± 4.26 | >200 |
| R. pratensis, AC, RF, L (N) | 14.53 | 10.10 | 3.72 | 102.27 ± 6.61 | >200 |
| R. pratensis, AC, RF, nl (P) | 11.68 | 32.39 | 2.87 | 31.97 ± 3.24 | >200 |
| R. pratensis, AC, WF (R) | 10.67 | 16.47 | 1.15 | 8.39 ± 0.27 | >200 |
| R. splendens, LT, (T) | 14.81 | 44.26 | 1.53 | 5.78 ± 0.93 | 16.26 ± 3.34 |
| Bulbs | |||||
| R. andicola, SN (A) | 25.41 | 7.53 | 2.15 | 13.29 ± 1.01 | 45.76 ± 9.72 |
| R. andicola, NC (C) | 28.90 | 6.00 | 2.23 | 7.26 ± 0.16 | 47.38 ± 4.08 |
| R. andicola, VL (E) | 23.50 | 7.40 | 2.37 | 22.77 ± 1.57 | 113.24 ± 2.77 |
| R. araucana, M, (G) | 19.80 | 7.90 | 2.73 | 6.23 ± 0.24 | 45.71 ± 3.51 |
| R. montana, LM, (I) | 28.00 | 3.26 | 1.50 | 18.13 ± 0.51 | 40.05 ± 9.03 |
| R. pratensis, AC, RF, nl, sand dunes (K) | 18.87 | 19.73 | 1.50 | 11.81 ± 0.17 | >200 |
| R. pratensis, AC, RF, L (M) | 20.98 | 11.73 | 2.84 | 44.23 ± 4.08 | >200 |
| R. pratensis, AC, RF, nl (O) | 18.76 | 7.36 | 2.33 | 47.66 ± 1.78 | >200 |
| R. pratensis, AC, WF (Q) | 19.64 | 4.84 | 2.29 | 3.32 ± 0.26 | 52.16 ± 0.57 |
| R. splendens, LT, (S) | 21.35 | 35.05 | 1.60 | 3.62 ± 0.02 | 14.37 ± 1.94 |
*a after lyophilization; *b from lyophilized material; *c from the crude extract; *d all IC50 were calculated using R2 ≥ 0.99; *e insufficient sample; WF: white flowers; RF: red flowers; L: with leaves; nl: no leaves; Collection place: AC: Arcos de Calán, Región del Maule; LM: Laguna del Maule; LT: Las Trancas; M: Malalcahuello, Región de la Araucanía; NC: Nevado de Chillán; SN: Sierra Nevada; VL: volcan Lonquimay.