Fig. 1.

Effects of Ala substitution of GA₄-interacting amino acids of OsGID1 on its activity in planta. (A) Amino acids are categorized by their commonality among GID1s and GID1-like CXEs in SI Appendix, Fig. S2: such as type I (orange), shared by all GID1s and GID1-like CXEs; type II (dark blue), shared by all GID1s but not CXEs; type III (red), shared by seed plants and ferns but not Selaginella; type IV (green), shared by seed plants but not nonseed plants; and type V (sky blue), not conserved among seed plants. Polar and nonpolar interactions are indicated by arrows and half circles, respectively. The C6-COOH, C3-OH, and C2 positions of GA₄ are marked in yellow. (B–D) Rescued phenotypes by transformed mGID1s carrying mutated amino acids interacting with C6-COOH (B) and C3-OH (C), and involved in nonpolar interaction (D). (Scale bars: 5 cm.)