Figure 4.

(A) Antiparasitic effect of the eight thiophene derivatives. Viability of L. major-luc promastigotes treated with the eight thiophene derivatives at a concentration of 1.56 to 12.5 µM for 72 h. (B) Evaluation of L. major-luc promastigotes treated with 5D or 5E thiophene derivatives at lower concentrations (0.005 to 1.56 µM) for 72 h. Controls treated with 1% DMSO, or amphotericin B (amp B) at 5 µM. (C) Cytotoxicity evaluation of intraperitoneal mouse macrophages (IPΦ) treated with 5D or 5E thiophene derivatives at concentrations from 0.63 to 20 µM for 48 h. (D) Cytotoxicity evaluation of monkey kidney cells (LLC-MK2) treated with 5D or 5E thiophene derivatives at a concentrations from 0.63 to 80 µM for 72 h. Controls treated with 1% DMSO, amp B at 5 µM, or 5% of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). Cells were stained with Hoechst 33342 (healthy cell) and Propidium Iodide (compromised cell).