Figure 2.

Thiamine increases cellular pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activities in breast cancer cells. Cells were treated with range of doses of thiamine for 24 h, and PDH activity (a) and quantity (b) were then measured using the PDH combo microplate assay kit (Abcam, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA). Results are expressed as mean ± SE (* significant difference relative to control (0 μg/mL Thiamine supplementation), white bar).