Table 5.

Fraction of oxidation states of Ti, O and C from deconvolution of XPS peaks of Ti 2p_3/2, O 1s and C 1s.

Samples	Ti 2p3/2 (%)		O 1s (%)			C 1s (%)
	Ti4+	Ti3+	TiO2	Ti—OHa	Ti—OHb	C—C	C—OH	C O
OAP	99.5	0.5	29.6	41.9	28.5	68.2	20.7	11.1
Au/OAP	97.5	2.5	46.9	34.5	18.6	73.5	16.8	9.7
Ag/OAP	97.3	2.7	70.3	25.2	4.5	82.5	9.2	8.3
Cu/OAP	97.9	2.1	51.6	38.0	10.4	69.7	20.6	9.7
DAP	98.0	2.0	20.8	44.2	35.0	71.1	17.5	11.4
Au/DAP	96.8	3.2	23.5	41.7	34.8	68.2	21.0	10.8
Ag/DAP	98.2	1.8	33.3	46.4	20.3	75.7	13.0	11.3
Cu/DAP	96.1	3.9	25.5	37.5	37.0	73.0	15.5	11.5

Ti—OH^a: Ti—(OH)—Ti/Ti₂O₃/C O, Ti—OH^b: Ti—OH/ C—OH.