Table 1.
Evolution of BA concentrations and pH in standard and high quality red wines and young white wine in different storage conditions.
| A | Non-Commercially Available Wine Made from 100% SOLARIS Grapes (Mean Concentration (µg/L) ± Standard Deviation) | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Analytes | A0 | A7 | A30 | B0 | B7 | B30 | C0 | C7 | C30 | D0 | D7 | D30 | E0 | E7 | E30 | F0 | F7 | F30 |
| 2-PE | 43.02 ± 0.21 a | 51.11 ± 0.32 a,b | 40.16 ± 0.19 b | 43.02 ± 0.21 a | 47.45 ± 0.34 a,b | 42.23 ± 0.45 b | 43.02 ± 0.21 | 44.09 ± 0.38 | 43.96 ± 0.45 | 43.17 ± 0.32 a | 48.11 ± 0.42 b | 42.12 ± 0.38 b | 43.17 ± 0.32 | 46.32 ± 0.23 b | 42.34 ± 0.28 b | 43.17 ± 0.32 | 43.12 ± 0.28 | 42.99 ± 0.43 |
| PUT | 62.12 ± 0.78 c | 60.32 ± 0.27 b | 55.87 ± 0.25 b,c | 62.12 ± 0.78 c | 60.76 ± 0.65 | 58.65 ± 0.56 c | 62.12 ± 0.78 | 61.00 ± 0.48 | 60.09 ± 0.44 | 60.72 ± 0.73 c | 59.32 ± 0.67 | 57.43 ± 0.54 c | 60.72 ± 0.73 | 60.32 ± 0.58 | 58.43 ± 0.48 | 60.72 ± 0.73 | 61.09 ± 0.37 | 59.19 ± 0.35 |
| CAD | 32.08 ± 0.45 | 31.36 ± 0.32 | 31.08 ± 0.28 | 32.08 ± 0.45 | 33.09 ± 0.54 | 32.23 ± 0.46 | 32.08 ± 0.45 | 33.31 ± 0.57 | 32.87 ± 0.48 | 32.76 ± 0.49 | 32.11 ± 0.39 | 31.67 ± 0.43 | 32.76 ± 0.49 | 31.98 ± 0.32 | 31.87 ± 0.31 | 32.76 ± 0.49 | 32.99 ± 0.45 | 32.57 ± 0.32 |
| TRYP | 133.0 ± 1.6 a,c | 156.0 ± 2.1 a,b | 178.4 ± 2.5 b,c | 133.0 ± 1.6 a,c | 143.7 ± 1.5 b | 157.09 ± 1.7 b,c | 133.0 ± 1.6 | 136.3 ± 1.6 | 137.0 ± 2.1 | 132.8 ± 1.4 a,c | 152.7 ± 1.8 b | 166.8 ± 2.1 b,c | 132.8 ± 1.4 a,c | 147.2 ± 2.1 a,b | 155.3 ± 2.0 b,c | 132.8 ± 1.4 | 135.3 ± 2.1 | 136.4 ± 2.4 |
| TYR | 24.01 ± 0.18 a | 35.65 ± 0.11 a,b | 27.43 ± 0.12 b | 24.01 ± 0.18 | 27.07 ± 0.23 | 23.09 ± 0.17 | 24.01 ± 0.18 | 25.09 ± 0.16 | 24.89 ± 0.17 | 24.32 ± 0.21 a | 33.45 ± 0.16 a,b | 27.98 ± 0.14 b | 24.32 ± 0.21 a,c | 31.09 ± 0.17 a | 28.21 ± 0.19 c | 24.32 ± 0.21 | 24.78 ± 0.12 | 24.49 ± 0.12 |
| HIS | 416 ± 13 a,,c | 552 ± 15 a,b | 482 ± 13 b,c | 416 ± 13 a,c | 489 ± 20 a | 463 ± 18 c | 416 ± 13 a,c | 452 ± 17 a,b | 438 ± 20 b,c | 421 ± 20 a,c | 523 ± 17 a,b | 496 ± 19 b,c | 421 ± 20 a,c | 503 ± 21 a,b | 484 ± 20 b,c | 421 ± 20 a | 448 ± 27 a,b | 418 ± 21 b |
| TOTAL | 710 a,c | 886 a,b | 815 b,c | 710 a,c | 801 a | 776 c | 710 a,c | 752 a,b | 737 b,c | 715 a,c | 849 a,b | 822 b,c | 715 a,c | 820 a | 800 c | 715 a | 745 a,b | 713 b |
| pH | 3.09 ± 0.01 | 3.07 ± 0.01 | 3.06 ± 0.01 | 3.09 ± 0.01 | 3.09 ± 0.01 | 3.08 ± 0.01 | 3.09 ± 0.01 | 3.07 ± 0.01 | 3.08 ± 0.01 | 3.09 ± 0.01 | 3.07 ± 0.01 | 3.09 ± 0.01 | 3.09 ± 0.01 | 3.07 ± 0.01 | 3.07 ± 0.01 | 3.09 ± 0.01 | 3.07 ± 0.01 | 3.08 ± 0.01 |
| B | Commercially Available Wine Made from 100% SOLARIS Grapes (Mean Concentration (µg/L) ± Standard Deviation) | |||||||||||||||||
| 2-PE | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD |
| PUT | 759 ± 21 a,c | 700 ± 26 a,b | 612 ± 23 b,c | 759 ± 21 a,c | 711 ± 24 a,b | 634 ± 21b,c | 759 ± 21 c | 745 ± 23 | 730 ± 19 c | 756 ± 23 a,c | 738 ± 24 a,b | 650 ± 20 b,c | 756 ± 23 c | 746 ± 23 b | 700 ± 26 b,c | 756 ± 23 | 751 ± 20 | 748 ± 23 |
| CAD | 12.00 ± 0.12 | 11.89 ± 0.09 | 11.91 ± 0.11 | 12.00 ± 0.12 | 12.13 ± 0.14 | 12.01 ± 0.11 | 12.00 ± 0.12 | 11.87 ± 0.14 | 11.85 ± 0.09 | 11.80 ± 0.14 | 11.76 ± 0.11 | 11.00 ± 0.13 | 11.80 ± 0.14 | 11.78 ± 0.13 | 11.69 ± 0.16 | 11.80 ± 0.14 | 11.79 ± 0.11 | 11.79 ± 0.13 |
| TRYP | 30.15 ± 0.17 a,c | 51.21 ± 0.21a,b | 74.32 ± 0.23 b,c | 30.15 ± 0.17 a,c | 40.09 ± 0.23 a,c | 54.12 ± 0.25 b,c | 30.15 ± 0.17 c | 33.78 ± 0.18 | 35.01 ± 0.18 c | 31.05 ± 0.15 a,c | 47.84 ± 0.65 a,b | 65.09 ± 0.56 b,c | 31.05 ± 0.15 a,c | 45.67 ± 0.15 a,b | 52.08 ± 0.23 b,c | 31.05 ± 0.15 a,c | 35.67 ± 0.18 a | 36.10 ± 0.13 c |
| TYR | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD |
| HIS | 128.0 ± 2.0 a,c | 234.26 ± 4.1 a,b | 163.43 ± 4.1 b,c | 128.0 ± 4.0 a,c | 189.98 ± 4.4 b,c | 160.54 ± 3.9 b,c | 128.0 ± 4.0 a,c | 169.0 ± 3.9 a,b | 146.8 ± 4.0 b,c | 127.7 ± 4.1 a,c | 227.1 ± 4.3 a,b | 201.0 ± 3.8b,c | 127.7 ± 4.1 a,c | 201.0 ± 5.0 a,b | 185.5 ± 4.6 b,c | 127.7 ± 4.1 a | 143.9 ± 3.7 a,b | 128.7 ± 3.9 b |
| TOTAL | 929 a,c | 997 a,b | 861.66 b,c | 929 c | 953 b | 860.67 b,c | 929 a | 960 a,b | 923.67 b | 927 a | 1025 a,b | 927b | 927 a,c | 1004 a,b | 949 b,c | 927 a | 942 a,b | 925 b |
| pH | 3.43 ± 0.01 | 3.41 ± 0.01 | 3.42 ± 0.01 | 3.43 ± 0.01 | 3.40 ± 0.01 | 3.41 ± 0.01 | 3.43 ± 0.01 | 3.42 ± 0.01 | 3.40 ± 0.01 | 3.39 ± 0.01 | 3.42 ± 0.01 | 3.43 ± 0.01 | 3.41 ± 0.01 | 3.40 ± 0.01 | 3.39 ± 0.01 | 3.42 ± 0.01 | 3.40 ± 0.01 | 3.41 ± 0.01 |
| C | Commercially Available Wine Made from 100% BIANCA Grapes (Mean Concentration (µg/L) ± Standard Deviation) | |||||||||||||||||
| 2-PE | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD |
| PUT | 260 ± 10 a,c | 201 ± 13 a,b | 131 ± 16 b,c | 260 ± 10 a,c | 221 ± 11 a,b | 157 ± 13 b,c | 260 ± 10 a,c | 245 ± 11 a,b | 228 ± 16 b,c | 259 ± 11 a,c | 237 ± 14 a,b | 156 ± 11 b,c | 259 ± 11 a,c | 231 ± 13 a,b | 178 ± 10 b,c | 259 ± 11 c | 250 ± 14 | 245 ± 10 c |
| CAD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD |
| TRYP | 10.11 ± 0.10 a,c | 23.01 ± 0.11 a,b | 37.91 ± 0.17 b,c | 10.11 ± 0.10 a,c | 21.00 ± 0.14 a,b | 35.13 ± 0.14 b,c | 10.11 ± 0.10 a,c | 13.45 ± 0.13 a | 15.14 ± 0.11 c | 10.14 ± 0.11 a,c | 22.00 ± 0.14 a,b | 35.09 ± 0.11 b,c | 10.14 ± 0.11 a,c | 19.76 ± 0.16 b,c | 33.12 ± 0.14 b,c | 10.14 ± 0.11 c | 11.99 ± 0.11 | 13.56 ± 0.10 c |
| TYR | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD |
| HIS | 172.1 ± 3.2 a,c | 258.1 ± 4.0 a,b | 197.7 ± 3.9 b,c | 172.1 ± 3.2 a,c | 241.9 ± 4.5 a,b | 210.1 ± 4.1 b,c | 172.1 ± 3.2 a,c | 209.0 ± 3.7 a,b | 189.1 ± 4.1 b,c | 171.9 ± 3.3 a,c | 240.5 ± 4.2 a,b | 210.4 ± 3.5 b,c | 171.9 ± 3.3 a,c | 227.8 ± 4.0 a,b | 214.7 ± 4.6 b,c | 171.9 ± 3.3 a | 189.0 ± 4.7 a,b | 176.9 ± 3.7 b |
| TOTAL | 442 a,c | 482 a,b | 367 b,c | 442 a,c | 484 a,b | 402b,c | 442 a | 467 a,b | 432 b | 441 a,c | 499 a,b | 402 b,c | 441 a | 479 a,b | 426b | 441 | 451 | 435 |
| pH | 3.25 ± 0.01 | 3.24 ± 0.01 | 3.26 ± 0.01 | 3.25 ± 0.01 | 3.22 ± 0.01 | 3.24 ± 0.01 | 3.25 ± 0.01 | 3.24 ± 0.01 | 3.23 ± 0.01 | 3.25 ± 0.01 | 3.24 ± 0.01 | 3.26 ± 0.01 | 3.25 ± 0.01 | 3.23 ± 0.01 | 3.24 ± 0.01 | 3.25 ± 0.01 | 3.24 ± 0.01 | 3.26 ± 0.01 |
| D | Commercially Available Wine Made from 100% REGENT Grapes (Mean Concentration (µg/L) ± Standard Deviation) | |||||||||||||||||
| 2-PE | 19.23 ± 0.16 c | 20.15 ± 0.18 b | 30.12 ± 0.21 b,c | 19.23 ± 0.16 c | 20.09 ± 0.18 b | 28.01 ± 0.20 b,c | 19.23 ± 0.16 c | 19.78 ± 0.15 b | 23.09 ± 0.17 b,c | 19.43 ± 0.19 c | 20.01 ± 0.21 b | 28.31 ± 0.21 b,c | 19.43 ± 0.19 c | 19.91 ± 0.22 b | 26.09 ± 0.18 b,c | 19.43 ± 0.19 | 19.56 ± 0.20 | 21.19 ± 0.22 |
| PUT | 298.2 ± 6.8 c | 291.1 ± 7.0 b | 211.9 ± 6.8 b,c | 298.2 ± 6.8 c | 293.6 ± 7.1 b | 230.3 ± 6.7 b,c | 298.2 ± 6.8 | 296.2 ± 3.0 | 286.8 ± 3.7 | 297.3 ± 7.2 c | 293.1 ± 8.0 b | 234.81 ± 7.6 b,c | 297.3 ± 7.2 c | 295.2 ± 8.1 b | 254.2 ± 7.1 b,c | 297.3 ± 7.2 c | 296.5 ± 7.1 b | 290.4 ± 8.1 b,c |
| CAD | 35.89 ± 0.43 a,c | 30.81 ± 0.38 a,b | 45.87 ± 0.41 b,c | 35.89 ± 0.43 a,c | 32.22 ± 0.35 a,b | 38.45 ± 0.37 b,c | 35.89 ± 0.43 | 34.12 ± 0.36 | 36.09 ± 0.38 | 36.01 ± 0.51 a,b | 32.89 ± 0.60 a,b | 42.89 ± 0.49 b,c | 36.01 ± 0.51 a | 32.90 ± 0.54 b | 37.12 ± 0.60 b,c | 36.01 ± 0.51 | 35.15 ± 0.52 | 36.12 ± 0.54 |
| TRYP | 4.32 ± 0.11 a,c | 2.32 ± 0.12 a | 2.30 ± 0.16c | 4.32 ± 0.11 a,c | 2.78 ± 0.17 a | 2.89 ± 0.18 c | 4.32 ± 0.11 | 4.27 ± 0.12 | 4.22 ± 0.10 | 4.22 ± 0.15 a,c | 2.78 ± 0.17 | 2.80 ± 0.16c | 4.22 ± 0.15 a,c | 3.11 ± 0.18 a | 3.09 ± 0.19 c | 4.22 ± 0.15 | 4.12 ± 0.17 | 4.09 ± 0.19 |
| TYR | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD |
| HIS | 311.3 ± 7.7 c | 300 ± 8.1 b | 250.2 ± 7.9 b,c | 311.3 ± 7.7 c | 306.0 ± 6.5 b | 276.0 ± 7.1 b,c | 311.3 ± 6.7 | 310.3 ± 8.1 | 308.9 ± 7.9 | 309.3 ± 6.9 c | 301.1 ± 6.5 b | 265.9 ± 8.1 b,c | 309.3 ± 6.9 c | 305.5 ± 8.5 b | 280.1 ± 7.8 b,c | 309.3 ± 7.9 | 308.1 ± 8.1 | 306.1 ± 7.9 |
| TOTAL | 669 a,c | 644 a,b | 540 b,c | 669 | 655 b | 576 b,c | 669 | 664 | 659 | 666 a,c | 650 a,b | 575 b,c | 666 c | 657 b | 602 b,c | 666 | 663 | 657 |
| pH | 4.02 ± 0.01 | 4.06 ± 0.01 | 4.09 ± 0.01 | 4.02 ± 0.01 | 4.07 ± 0.01 | 4.10 ± 0.01 | 4.02 ± 0.01 | 4.06 ± 0.01 | 4.09 ± 0.01 | 3.99 ± 0.01 | 3.97 ± 0.01 | 3.94 ± 0.01 | 3.99 ± 0.01 | 3.96 ± 0.01 | 3.94 ± 0.01 | 3.99 ± 0.01 | 3.97 ± 0.01 | 3.95 ± 0.01 |
| E | Non-Commercially Available Wine Made from 100% REGENT Grapes (Mean Concentration (µg/L) ± Standard Deviation) | |||||||||||||||||
| 2-PE | 21.17 ± 0.20 c | 22.18 ± 0.22 b | 29.09 ± 0.19 b,c | 21.17 ± 0.20 c | 21.98 ± 0.22 b | 27.78 ± 0.19 b,c | 21.17 ± 0.20 c | 21.56 ± 0.21 | 22.87 ± 0.19 c | 21.43 ± 0.21 a,c | 22.34 ± 0.23 a,b | 30.09 ± 0.19 b,c | 21.43 ± 0.21 c | 21.9 ± 0.23 b | 27.67 ± 0.27 b,c | 21.43 ± 0.21 c | 21.56 ± 0.19 b | 22.09 ± 0.24 b,c |
| PUT | 289.9 ± 8.5 a,c | 280.98 ± 9.1 a,b | 202.78 ± 6.8 b,c | 289.9 ± 8.5 c | 282.78 ± 8.1b | 221.9 ± 7.9 b,c | 289.9 ± 8.5 c | 286.2 ± 8.1 | 278.2 ± 8.5 c | 285.4 ± 7.7 c | 281.09 ± 8.0 b | 220.19 ± 6.9 b,c | 285.4 ± 7.7 c | 283.12 ± 8.1 b | 245.23 ± 7.8 b,c | 285.4 ± 7.7 | 284.1 ± 7.8 | 279.09 ± 8.1 |
| CAD | 31.09 ± 0.21 a,c | 26.16 ± 0.23 a,b | 41.78 ± 0.19 b,c | 31.09 ± 0.21 a,c | 28.12 ± 0.25 a,b | 36.14 ± 0.21 b,c | 31.09 ± 0.21 | 29.97 ± 0.20 | 31.76 ± 0.19 | 31.16 ± 0.24 a,c | 27.98 ± 0.19 a,b | 37.78 ± 0.30 b,c | 31.16 ± 0.24 a,c | 28.34 ± 0.19 a,b | 33.45 ± 0.21 b,c | 31.16 ± 0.24a | 30.01 ± 0.27 a,b | 31.46 ± 0.22 b |
| TRYP | 3.21 ± 0.11 a,c | 2.01 ± 0.10 a | 2.10 ± 0.11 c | 3.21 ± 0.11 a,c | 2.45 ± 0.13 a | 2.44 ± 0.12 c | 3.21 ± 0.11 | 3.15 ± 0.10 | 3.12 ± 0.11 | 3.11 ± 0.17 a,c | 1.70 ± 0.16 a | 1.73 ± 0.17 c | 3.11 ± 0.17 a,c | 2.11 ± 0.16 a | 2.09 ± 0.16 c | 3.11 ± 0.17 | 3.02 ± 0.18 | 2.98 ± 0.15 |
| TYR | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD |
| HIS | 326.0 ± 6.9 c | 315.0 ± 6.6 b | 265.1 ± 7.9 b,c | 326.0 ± 9.0 c | 321.8 ± 6.3 b | 291.1 ± 7.1 b,c | 326.0 ± 6.9 | 325.3 ± 7.4 | 322.0 ± 7.1 | 324.9 ± 7.4 a,c | 315.01 ± 6.9 a,b | 280.9 ± 7.9 b,c | 324.9 ± 7.4 c | 319.0 ± 7.1 b | 295.1 ± 6.8 b,c | 324.9 ± 7.4 | 323.78 ± 8.1 | 321.1 ± 8.0 |
| TOTAL | 671 a,c | 646 a,b | 541 b,c | 671 a,c | 657 a,b | 579 b,c | 671 | 666 | 657 | 666 a,c | 648 a,b | 571 b,c | 666 c | 654 b | 604 b,c | 666 | 662 | 657 |
| pH | 3.50 ± 0.01 | 3.52 ± 0.01 | 3.57 ± 0.01 | 3.50 ± 0.01 | 3.53 ± 0.01 | 3.57 ± 0.01 | 3.50 ± 0.01 | 3.52 ± 0.01 | 3.56 ± 0.01 | 3.49 ± 0.01 | 3.48 ± 0.01 | 3.46 ± 0.01 | 3.49 ± 0.01 | 3.47 ± 0.01 | 3.45 ± 0.01 | 3.49 ± 0.01 | 3.46 ± 0.01 | 3.44 ± 0.01 |
| F | Non-Commercially Available Wine Made from 100% FRONTENAC Grapes (Mean Concentration (µg/L) ± Standard Deviation) | |||||||||||||||||
| 2-PE | 24.31 ± 0.22 c | 25.46 ± 0.23 b | 30.23 ± 0.19 b,c | 24.31 ± 0.22 c | 24.98 ± 0.22 b | 30.17 ± 0.27 b,c | 24.31 ± 0.22 c | 24.67 ± 0.31 b | 26.01 ± 0.27 b,c | 24.17 ± 0.27 c | 24.15 ± 0.32 b | 29.56 ± 0.26 b,c | 24.17 ± 0.27 c | 24.76 ± 0.24 b | 28.43 ± 0.26 b,c | 24.17 ± 0.27 c | 24.35 ± 0.19 b | 25.00 ± 0.21 b,c |
| PUT | 482 ± 13 c | 471 ± 16 b | 389 ± 14 b,c | 482 ± 13 c | 474 ± 12 b | 416 ± 14 b,c | 482 ± 13 | 479 ± 18 | 471 ± 15 | 481 ± 11 c | 477 ± 13 b | 416 ± 15 b,c | 481 ± 11 c | 479 ± 12 b | 435 ± 11 b,c | 481 ± 11 | 480 ± 14 | 476 ± 11 |
| CAD | 96.01 ± 0.91 a,c | 90.2 ± 1.2 a,b | 107.2 ± 1.4 b,c | 96.01 ± 0.91 c | 94.7 ± 1.0 b | 102.1 ± 2.0 b,c | 96.01 ± 0.91 | 95.7 ± 1.4 | 96.7 ± 1.2 | 95.87 ± 0.78 c | 91.80 ± 0.56 b | 101.1 ± 1.1 b,c | 95.87 ± 0.78 c | 95.09 ± 12 ± 0.98 b | 100.0 ± 1.1 b,c | 95.87 ± 0.78 | 95.82 ± 0.98 | 95.97 ± 0.95 |
| TRYP | 3.04 ± 0.10 a,c | 2.10 ± 0.11 a | 2.19 ± 0.13 c | 3.04 ± 0.10 a,c | 2.56 ± 0.13 a | 2.54 ± 0.11 c | 3.04 ± 0.10 | 2.98 ± 0.11 | 2.96 ± 0.12 | 3.00 ± 0.13 a,c | 2.45 ± 0.13 a | 2.53 ± 0.10 c | 3.00 ± 0.13 a,c | 2.74 ± 0.16 a | 2.81 ± 0.11 c | 3.00 ± 0.13 | 2.99 ± 0.11 | 2.96 ± 15 |
| TYR | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD | <LOD |
| HIS | 1639 ± 48 a,c | 1578 ± 51 a,b | 1415 ± 47 b,c | 1639 ± 48 c | 1602 ± 45 b | 1454 ± 43 b,c | 1639 ± 48 | 1625 ± 48 | 1613 ± 51 | 1637 ± 51 a,c | 1592 ± 48 a,b | 1465 ± 51 b,c | 1637 ± 51 c | 1612 ± 47 b | 1498 ± 50 b,c | 1637 ± 51 | 1631 ± 47 | 1625 ± 42 |
| TOTAL | 2244 a,c | 2167 a,b | 1944 b,c | 2244 c | 2198 b | 2005 b,c | 2244 | 2227 | 2210 | 2241 a,c | 2187 a,b | 2014 b,c | 2241 c | 2214 b | 2064 b,c | 2241 | 2234 | 2225 |
| pH | 3.37 ± 0.01 | 3.38 ± 0.01 | 3.40 ± 0.01 | 3.37 ± 0.01 | 3.37 ± 0.01 | 3.39 ± 0.01 | 3.37 ± 0.01 | 3.38 ± 0.01 | 3.40 ± 0.01 | 3.36 ± 0.01 | 3.35 ± 0.01 | 3.34 ± 0.01 | 3.36 ± 0.01 | 3.34 ± 0.01 | 3.33 ± 0.01 | 3.36 ± 0.01 | 3.35 ± 0.01 | 3.34 ± 0.01 |
Superscript “a” shows significant differences between day 0 and day 7 according to ANOVA test (p < 0.05). Superscript “b” shows significant differences between day 7 and day 30 according to ANOVA test (p < 0.05). Superscript “c” shows significant differences between day 0 and day 30 according to ANOVA test (p < 0.05).