Figure 2. Secretory diversity of cancer-associated senescent cells.

Selected SASP components with tumor-modulating activities for each of the discussed senescence types are depicted. While age-associated senescent cells, oncogene-induced senescent cells and therapy-induced senescent cells often seem to secret cytokines and chemokines (including IL6, CCL2, etc.), the pro-tumorigenic activity of stromal senescent cells benefits mostly from secretion of growth factors (such as Osteopontin) and matrix-metalloproteinases (MMPs). Tumor cells themselves are also able to secret bioactive factors that, in some instances, are causally implicated in the development of stromal senescent cells. HGF (Hepatocyte growth factor).