Table 3.
Compounds | Effect | Event/mechanism | References |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Enhanced radiosensitivity Induced cell cycle arrest |
Increased the NO levels, down-regulated cyclin B1 mRNA expression | [42] |
AS | Inhibited invasion Inhibited metastasis |
Inhibited urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA) activity, -protein and -mRNA expression, down-regulated MMP-2-, MMP-7- and u-PA-promoter/-enhancer activity, suppressed AP-1- and NF-κB-transactivation | [87] |
AS | Influenced ribosomal activity, drug transport, cellular antioxidant defense Induced apoptosis Inhibited proliferation Arrested cell cycle |
Related to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and the tumor suppressor p53, influenced the activity of transcription factors regulating downstream genes, influenced by c-Myc and Max-mediated transcriptional control of gene expression | [88] |
ART, DHA, AS | Inhibit proliferation Arrested cell cycle Decreased tumor growth Suppressed migration, invasion, cancer stem cells and epithelial-mesenchymal transition |
Decreased the protein level of Wnt5-α/β, increased the levels of NKD2 and Axin2, down-regulated β-catenin | [91] |
DHA | Suppressed proliferation Induced apoptosis Inhibited angiogenesis |
Influenced the expression of VEGF receptor KDR/flk-1, enhanced the effects of chemotherapeutics | [92] |
DHA | Induced apoptosis | Increased the concentration of Ca2+, activated p38 | [93] |