Table 4.
Compounds | Effect | Event/mechanism | References |
---|---|---|---|
DHA | Induced cell cycle arrest Induced apoptosis |
Induced p21, inhibited cyclin B and CDC25C, depolarized mitochondrial membrane, released cytochrome c, activated caspase 9 and caspase 3, decreased Mcl-1 expression and increased the levels of Noxa and active Bak | [62] |
DHA | Induced apoptosis | Reduced mitochondria membrane potential, released cytochrome c into cytoplasm, increased p53 and Bak, decreased Mcl-1, Ki-67 and p-ERK, activated caspase 3 and PARP | [95] |
ART | Inhibited tumor cell invasion and metastasis | Down-regulated the protein levels of MMP2, activated Cdc42 by activating E-cadherin activity, improved cell–cell adhersion | [96] |
ART, AS, ATM, DHA | Cytotoxic activity | Increased the expression of MDR1, MRP2 and MRP3 | [97] |