Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2018 Aug 14;9:1866. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01866

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright © 2018 Frauscher, Kirsch, Schabhüttl, Schweighofer, Kétszeri, Pollheimer, Dragun, Schröder, Rosenkranz, Eller and Eller.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

PMC Copyright notice

Calcification induces autophagy in MOVAS. MOVAS were cultured in the absence (black bars) or the presence (gray bars) of two different calcifying conditions for 7, 14, or 21 days (n = 4 per time point and group). (A) Calcium deposition in cells was analyzed by Alizarin staining and photometric quantification. (B) The cellular calcium content was evaluated quantitatively. (C–F) qPCR analysis for respective autophagy-associated genes was performed. Western Blot analysis for detection of (G) light chain 3 (LC3) and (H) p62 levels was performed. Three independent experiments were performed. (I) A representative western blot is shown. (J,K) After 21 days of culture, the autophagic flux was evaluated in MOVAS after short-term bafilomycin treatment (n = 3). (K) A representative LC3 Western blot is shown. All data are presented as mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.

Calcification induces autophagy in MOVAS. MOVAS were cultured in the absence (black bars) or the presence (gray bars) of two different calcifying conditions for 7, 14, or 21 days (n = 4 per time point and group). (A) Calcium deposition in cells was analyzed by Alizarin staining and photometric quantification. (B) The cellular calcium content was evaluated quantitatively. (C–F) qPCR analysis for respective autophagy-associated genes was performed. Western Blot analysis for detection of (G) light chain 3 (LC3) and (H) p62 levels was performed. Three independent experiments were performed. (I) A representative western blot is shown. (J,K) After 21 days of culture, the autophagic flux was evaluated in MOVAS after short-term bafilomycin treatment (n = 3). (K) A representative LC3 Western blot is shown. All data are presented as mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.