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. 2015 Oct 22;5(22):5216–5229. doi: 10.1002/ece3.1769

Table 5.

Differences in Von Bertalanffy growth parameters and standard errors for shoulder height between contemporary elephants sampled in 2005–2013 and historical populations sampled in 1966–1968 from southern Kenya. Shoulder height measurements are in centimeters

2005–2013 1966–1968 P values
Females
Asymptotic shoulder height (L∞) 253.03 ± 5.64 245.48 ± 2.12 0.002
Growth rate (K) 0.170 ± 0.035 0.129 ± 0.008 0.002
Shoulder height at time 0 (t 0) −2.69 ± 1.15 −4.3 ± 0.41 0.003
Sample size (N) 110 321
Males
Asymptotic shoulder height (L∞) 313.11 ± 14.19 296.17 ± 6.62 0.013
Growth rate (K) 0.075 ± 0.018 0.084 ± 0.007 0.317
Shoulder height at time 0 (t 0) −6.46 ± 2.11 −5.59 ± 0.52 0.301
Sample size (N) 89 282