Table 2.

Pharmacokinetic parameters of ligustrazine after solely or co-administration with TCE (or isoimperatorin) in rats (n = 10).

	Ligustrazine	Ligustrazine–Isoimperatorin	Ligustrazine–TCE
Tmax (min)	30	40	130
Cmax (µg/mL)	8.52 ± 0.87	8.83 ± 0.38	17.68 ± 2.62 **
t1/2 (min)	35.59 ± 2.54	95.59 ± 5.88 **	90.43 ± 7.96 **
ke (min−1)	0.01947 ± 0.0019	0.00725 ± 0.001 *	0.007 ± 0.0007 **
CL (ml/min)	244.19 ± 88.55	15.67 ± 2.33 **	2.38 ± 0.67 **
MRT (min)	58.41 ± 0.637	103.6 ± 6.27 *	152.8 ± 16.6 **
AUC 0-∞ (µg/mL*min)	43.000 ± 20.000	670.000 ± 180.000 *	4411.2 ± 988.9 **

Each value is the mean ± SD * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 compared with the level of ligustrazine solely. TCE: total coumarin extract of A. dahuricae.