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Schematic diagram of the beneficial effects and potential mechanisms of GK against ischemic insults. GK dose-dependently decreased OGD-induced ischemic neuronal damages, which may be mediated by downregulation of MAPK pathway, as well as suppression of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and p53. GK, ginkgolide K; OGD, oxygen-glucose deprivation; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase.
