Table 5.

Baseline characteristics prior to hospitalization for 49 patients (with CR-AB and/or CR-PA) and 438 controls (without CR-AB and CR-PA)

Baseline characteristics	CR-AB and/or CR-PA (n = 49)	No CR-AB and CR-PA (n = 438)	p-value
Mean age ± SD (years)	66.7 ± 18	61.1 ± 17.8	0.04
Male gender	18 (36.7%)	203 (46.4%)	0.20
Previous hospitalization	32 (65.3%)	179 (40.9%)	0.001
Transfer status
From other hospital	13 (26.5%)	43 (9.8%)	0.001
From a long-term care facility	4 (8.2%)	2 (0.5%)	< 0.001
Underlying diseases
Any underlying disease	48 (98.0%)	372 (84.9%)	0.01
Hypertension	33 (67.4%)	257 (58.7%)	0.24
Diabetes mellitus	20 (40.8%)	164 (37.4%)	0.64
Cardiovascular disease	16 (32.7%)	117 (26.7%)	0.38
Cerebrovascular disease	23 (46.9%)	74 (16.9%)	< 0.001
Chronic liver disease	9 (18.4%)	79 (18.0%)	0.95
Chronic renal disease	8 (16.3%)	56 (12.8%)	0.49
Chronic lung disease	7 (14.3%)	56 (12.8%)	0.77
Malignancy	7 (14.3%)	80 (18.3%)	0.49
Solid malignancy	7 (14.3%)	68 (15.5%)	0.82
Hematologic malignancy	0	12 (2.7%)	0.24
Hematologic diseases	6 (12.2%)	41 (9.4%)	0.52
Prior organ transplantation	1 (2.0%)	6 (1.4%)	0.71
Receipt of any immunosuppressive agent	6 (12.2%)	- 53 (12.1%)	0.98
HIV infection	1 (2.0%)	15 (3.4%)	0.61
Previous antibiotic exposure within 90 days after hospitalization
Any antibiotic	26 (53.1%)	122 (27.9%)	< 0.001
Penicillins	1 (2.0%)	18 (4.1%)	0.48
Cephalosporins	10 (20.4%)	50 (11.4%)	0.07
Carbapenems	9 (18.4%)	24 (5.5%)	0.001
Beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors	7 (14.3%)	20 (4.6%)	0.005
Fluoroquinolones	8 (16.3%)	38 (8.7%)	0.08
Macrolides	4 (8.2%)	15 (3.4%)	0.10
Others	8 (16.3%)	34 (7.8%)	0.04
Previous use of indwelling catheters
Urinary catheter	19 (38.8%)	54 (12.3%)	< 0.001
Nasogastric tube	16 (32.7%)	29 (6.6%)	< 0.001