. 2018 Jun 22;11(3):221–231. doi: 10.1159/000488532

Table 2.

Associations of walking, cycling, household and leisure physical activity with obesity markers in men

	Body weight, kg		BMI, kg/m²		Waist circumference, cm		Percent body fat
	model 1^# β (SE)	model 2^§ β (SE)	model 1 β (SE)	model 2 β (SE)	model 1 β (SE)	model 2 β (SE)	model 1 β (SE)	model 2 β (SE)
Walking and cycling
Walking
More than 2.5 h/week	−0.95 (0.54)	−0.95 (0.53)	−0.32 (0.16)^*	−0.33 (0.15)^*	−0.61 (0.44)	−0.62 (0.44)	−0.22 (0.26)	−0.23 (0.26)
Between 0.5 and 2.5 h/week	−0.99 (0.52)	−0.92 (0.52)	−0.34 (0.15)^*	−0.32 (0.15)^*	−0.66 (0.43)	−0.57 (0.42)	−0.26 (0.25)	−0.20 (0.25)
Less than 0.5 h/week	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref^*	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Cycling
More than 1.5 h/week	−4.31 (0.58)^***	−4.10 (0.58)^***	−1.24 (0.17)^***	−1.18 (0.17)^***	−4.36 (0.48)^***	−4.07 (0.48)^***	−2.51 (0.28)	−2.32 (0.28)^***
Between 0 and 1.5 h/week	−2.05 (0.58)^***	−1.85 (0.58)^**	−0.63 (0.17)^***	−0.57 (0.17)^**	−2.45 (0.48)^***	−2.17 (0.47)^***	−1.48 (0.28)	−1.30 (0.28)^***
No	Ref^a	Ref^a	Ref^a	Ref^a	Ref^a	Ref^a	Ref^a	Ref^a
Walking and/or cycling
Both walking and cycling	−4.15 (0.64)^***	−3.90 (0.64)^***	−1.26 (0.18)^***	−1.19 (0.18)^***	−4.03 (0.53)^***	−3.70 (0.52)^***	−2.21 (0.31)^***	−2.00 (0.31)^***
Either walking or cycling	−2.30 (0.53)^***	−2.22 (0.53)^***	−0.66 (0.15)^***	−0.63 (0.15)^***	−1.83 (0.44)^***	−1.70 (0.44)^***	−0.78 (0.26)^**	−0.70 (0.26)^*
Neither walking nor cycling	Ref^a	Ref^a	Ref^a	Ref^a	Ref^a	Ref^a	Ref^a	Ref^a
Other physical activity
Household
More than 7 h/week	−0.21 (0.43)	−0.11 (0.42)	−0.02 (0.12)	0.00 (0.12)	−0.24 (0.35)	−0.16 (0.35)	−0.09 (0.21)	−0.05 (0.2)
Less than 7 h/week	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Leisure
More than 2.5 h/week	−2.96 (0.55)^***	−2.58 (0.55)^***	−0.92 (0.16)^***	−0.81 (0.16)^***	−3.96 (0.45)^***	−3.57 (0.45)^***	−2.50 (0.27)^***	−2.27 (0.26)^***
Between 0.5 and 2.5 h/week	−1.25 (0.57)^*	−1.01 (0.57)	−0.57 (0.17)^***	−0.50 (0.17)^**	−2.14 (0.47)^***	−1.90 (0.47)^***	−1.29 (0.28)^***	−1.15 (0.27)^***
Less than 30 min/week	Ref^a	Ref^a	Ref^a	Ref^a	Ref^a	Ref^a	Ref^a	Ref^a

SE = Standard error.

Model 1: Adjusted for age, education level, smoking status, leisure screen-time, urban density of the residential neighborhood, number of amenities in the residential neighborhood, working status, energy intake, lipid intake and alcohol intake and delay between assessment of physical activity and clinical examination. Walking/cycling and other types of physical activity were not in the same model.

^§

Model 2: Model 1 + mutual adjustment on different types of physical activity.

p < 0.05

^**

p < 0.01

^***

p < 0.001.

p trends < 0.05.