Fig. 4.

Gap formation following P. aeruginosa infection. Pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells were inoculated with either PA103 or with ExoY⁺ bacterial strain in Hanks’ balanced salt solution (HBSS) at an MOI of 20:1, and gap formation was visually assessed by phase-contrast microscopy. Gap formation at 7 h post-infection with ExoY⁺ was comparable to that observed at 4 h post-infection with PA103; overall cell health was worse in PA103-infected cells with prominent sunken nuclei observed. Images were captured at 20× magnification with scale bar = 10 μm. Adapted from Morrow et al. (2016)