Table 2.
Baseline characteristics and complications in tuberculosis treatment of 1398 participants categorized by treatment strategy
| Variables | 1398 cases | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pharmaceutical care (n = 315) n (%) |
Home visit (n = 559) n (%) |
Modified DOT (n = 524) n (%) |
||
| Baseline characteristics | ||||
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 192 (61.0) | 388 (69.4) | 342 (65.3) | 0.037 |
| Female | 123 (39.0) | 171 (30.6) | 182 (34.7) | |
| Mean age (SD), years | 49.90 (18.42) | 44.85 (15.83) | 45.38 (16.56) | <0.001a |
| Age group, years | ||||
| 18–24 | 34 (10.8) | 52 (9.3) | 44 (8.4) | <0.001 |
| 25–34 | 46 (14.6) | 114 (20.4) | 110 (21.0) | |
| 35–44 | 39 (12.4) | 129 (23.1) | 127 (24.2) | |
| 45–54 | 66 (21.0) | 117 (20.9) | 96 (18.3) | |
| ≥55 | 130 (41.3) | 147 (26.3) | 147 (28.1) | |
| Live in Songkhla | ||||
| Yes | 178 (56.5) | 559 (100) | 524 (100) | <0.001 |
| No | 137 (43.5) | 0 | 0 | |
| Health insuranceb | ||||
| UC | 95 (30.2) | 375 (67.1) | 352 (67.2) | <0.001 |
| CSMBS | 132 (41.9) | 32 (5.7) | 61 (11.6) | |
| SSS | 12 (3.8) | 113 (20.2) | 92 (17.6) | |
| Not covered by public health insurance | 76 (24.1) | 39 (7.0) | 19 (3.6) | |
| HIV status | ||||
| Yes | 10 (3.2) | 99 (17.7) | 100 (19.0) | <0.001 |
| No | 256 (81.3) | 445 (79.6) | 420 (80.2) | |
| Unknown | 49 (15.6) | 15 (2.7) | 4 (0.8) | |
| Co-morbidity | ||||
| Yes | 157 (49.8) | 154 (27.5) | 140 (26.7) | <0.001 |
| No | 158 (50.2) | 405 (72.5) | 384 (73.3) | |
| Sputum smear | ||||
| Positive | 271 (86.0) | 455 (79.6) | 348 (66.4) | <0.001 |
| Negative | 44 (14.0) | 114 (20.4) | 176 (33.6) | |
| Registration | ||||
| New | 288 (91.4) | 539 (96.4) | 473 (90.3) | <0.001 |
| Re-treatment | 27 (8.6) | 20 (3.6) | 51 (9.7) | |
| Complications in TB treatment | ||||
| Develop MDR-TB | ||||
| Yes | 5 (1.6) | 2 (0.0 4) | 1 (0.2) | 0.019c |
| No | 308 (97.8) | 557 (99.6) | 522 (99.6) | |
| MDR-TB at baseline | 2 (0.6) | 0 | 1 (0.02) | |
| Re-challenge anti-TB drug use | ||||
| Yes | 27 (8.6) | 63 (11.3) | 43 (8.2) | 0.186 |
| No | 288 (91.4) | 496 (88.7) | 481 (91.8) | |
| Hepatotoxicity with anti-TB drugs | ||||
| Yes | 19 (6.0) | 40 (7.2) | 26 (5.0) | 0.320 |
| No | 396 (94.0) | 519 (92.8) | 498 (95.0) | |
| Adverse events | ||||
| No adverse events | 146 (46.3) | 389 (69.6) | 429 (81.9) | <0.001 |
| Severe | 28 (8.9) | 63 (11.3) | 45 (8.6) | |
| Mild | 141 (44.8) | 107 (19.1) | 50 (9.5) | |
| Hospitalization for TB | ||||
| Yes | 7 (2.2) | 127 (22.7) | 145 (27.7) | <0.001 |
| No | 308 (97.8) | 432 (77.3) | 379 (72.3) | |
Variables were analyzed using Chi squared test, unless expected cell counts were low, in which case Fisher’s exact test was used
ANOVA analysis of variance, DOT directly observed therapy, MDR-TB multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis, TB tuberculosis
a One-way ANOVA
b Thai population have been covered under one of the three public insurance schemes, namely the civil servant medical benefits scheme (CSMBS), the social security scheme (SSS), and the universal coverage (UC)
c Fisher’s Exact test