Table 2.
Cardiometabolic and fitness outcomes in MICT and HIIT at baseline and post-intervention (mean±SE).
| MICT (n=9) | HIIT (n=8) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Baseline | Post- intervention† (95% CI) |
Baseline | Post- intervention† (95% CI) |
Effect size (power) |
| VO2peak (mL/kg·min−1) a | 34.5±2.1 | 34.9±0.8 (33.3, 36.6) |
34.8±2.9 | 37.4±0.8* (35.7, 39.2) |
0.27 (52%) |
| SBP (mmHg) a | 117.0±3.9 | 116.2±2.2 (111.4, 121.0) |
114.0±1.7 | 118.3±2.3 (113.2, 123.3) |
0.03 (9%) |
| DBP (mmHg) a | 74.0±3.5 | 71.5±2.0 (67.3, 75.7) |
72.0±2.9 | 71.1±2.1 (66.6, 75.5) |
0.01 (5%) |
| Waist (cm) b | 108.1±4.9 | 106.1±1.4 (103.1, 109.0) |
101.3±3.2 | 104.5±1.5 (101.2, 107.6) |
0.04 (10%) |
| Glucose (mmol·L−1) b | 5.2±0.1 | 5.1±0.1 (5.0, 5.3) |
4.9±0.2 | 5.3±0.1 (5.1, 5.5) |
0.13 (23%) |
| Insulin (μU·mL−1) b | 21.5±5.0 | 16.6±3.0 (10.4, 22.8) |
12.5±3.1 | 17.1±3.0 (10.5, 23.7) |
0.01 (5%) |
| Lipids | |||||
| HDL (mmol·L−1) b | 1.0±0.1 | 1.2±0.1 (1.1, 1.3) |
1.4±0.1* | 1.1±0.1 (1.0, 1.2) |
0.05 (11%) |
| LDL (mmol·L−1) b | 2.9±0.3 | 2.9±0.1 (2.7, 3.2) |
3.0±0.4 | 2.4±0.1* (2.1, 2.6) |
0.41 (76%) |
| Triglycerides (mmol·L−1) b | 1.1±0.1 | 1.2±0.2 (0.8, 1.6) |
1.0±0.2 | 1.1±0.2 (0.7, 1.5) |
0.01 (6%) |
| Total chol (mmol·L−1) b | 4.2±0.3 | 4.1±0.2 (3.7, 4.5) |
4.5±0.4 | 3.8±0.2 (3.4, 4.2) |
0.09 (17%) |
| Inflammatory Markers | |||||
| CRP (nmol·L−1) b | 21.9±5.7 | 14.9±5.4 (2.9, 26.7) |
14.3±3.8 | 37.6±5.4* (25.7, 49.5) |
0.41 (71%) |
| IL-6 (pg·mL−1) b | 1.0±0.3 | 0.4±0.2 (<0.01, 0.7) |
0.5±0.1 | 1.0±0.2* (0.6, 1.3) |
0.30 (55%) |
| IL-8 (pg·mL−1) b | 8.2±1.0 | 11.7±0.9 (9.8, 13.6) |
10.7±1.0 | 8.6±1.0 (6.5, 10.6) |
0.28 (51%) |
| TNFα (pg·mL−1) b | 2.0±0.1 | 2.1±0.1 (2.0, 2.3) |
2.1±0.2 | 2.1±0.1 (1.9, 2.2) |
0.01 (7%) |
| Leptin (ng·mL−1) b | 26.7±4.2 | 27.8±1.7 (24.1, 31.4) |
26.3±4.5 | 30.3±1.8 (26.3, 34.9) |
0.07 (14%) |
| Adiponectin (μg·mL−1) b | 6.7±1.5 | 6.4±0.3 (5.7, 7.1) |
7.9±1.3 | 6.9±0.3 (6.2, 7.7) |
0.07 (14%) |
CI, confidence interval; VO2peak, peak oxygen consumption; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; Total chol, total cholesterol; CRP, C-reactive protein; IL, interleukin; TNFα, tumour necrosis factor alpha
†
marginal means from ANCOVA
*
p≤0.05 compared to MICT
a
Covariates included baseline value and sex
b
Covariates included baseline value, age, and body fat mass